Galvanic Cell
Galvanic Cell Investigation
Table of Contents
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................4
1.1 Background Information.........................................................................................................4
2 Aim.................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Experimental question............................................................................................................7
2.2 Hypothesis..............................................................................................................................7
3 Equipment / Set-up.........................................................................................................7
4 Methodology...................................................................................................................8
4.1 Method...................................................................................................................................8
4.2 Preliminary Trials....................................................................................................................9
5 Variables.........................................................................................................................9
5.1 Independent...........................................................................................................................9
5.2 Dependant..............................................................................................................................9
5.3 Controlled...............................................................................................................................9
6 Safety..............................................................................................................................9
6.1 Personal safety.......................................................................................................................9
6.2 Waste disposal / clean up.......................................................................................................9
7 Results...........................................................................................................................10
8 Analysis / Discussion.....................................................................................................11
8.1 Error and Uncertainty Discussion and Calculations of Electrode Mass Gain/Loss..................11
8.1.1 Electrode Mass Gain/Loss Calculations...............................................................................................11
8.1.2 Error and Uncertainty Discussion........................................................................................................12
8.2 Analysis of Tabular and Graphical Results.............................................................................13
8.3 Outliers and Accuracy of Results...........................................................................................14
9 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................14
9.1 Hypothesis, Aim and Experiment Question...........................................................................14
9.2 Experiment Goals and Findings.............................................................................................14
10 Evaluation...................................................................................................................15
10.1 Sources of Error..................................................................................................................15
10.1.1 Electrode Mass..................................................................................................................................15
10.1.2 Solution Amount Measurements......................................................................................................15
10.1.3 Amount of Trials................................................................................................................................15
10.2 Improvements....................................................................................................................16
1
Lachlan Panton & Johann Lambay
,Galvanic Cell
10.2.1 Changes to Materials List...................................................................................................................16
10.2.2 Changes to Method...........................................................................................................................16
10.2.3 Changes to Experiment Design..........................................................................................................16
11 Bibliography................................................................................................................17
Table of Figures
Figure 1-1 Galvanic Cell Diagram (Generalic, 2004-2020).........................................................7
Figure 7-2 Current produced vs Concentration of Galvanic Cell Solution...............................10
Table of Equations
Equation 1-1...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-2...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-3...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-4...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-5...............................................................................................................................6
Equation 1-6...............................................................................................................................6
Equation 1-7...............................................................................................................................6
Equation 1-8...............................................................................................................................6
Table of Tables
Table 1......................................................................................................................................10
Nomenclature
Aq - aqueous
Zn - Zinc
Cu - Copper
e - Electron
q = Charge (Coulombs)
I = Current (Milli-Amperes)
t = Time (Seconds)
F = Faraday (Faraday’s)
n = Moles of Electrons (Moles)
u = Coefficient of Unknown
k = Coefficient of Known
E = Moles of Electrode (Moles)
M = Atomic Mass/Molar Mass
2
Lachlan Panton & Johann Lambay
, Galvanic Cell
a = Moles of solute (Moles)
m = Mass Lost/Gained (Grams)
V = Litres of Solution (Litres)
C = Concentration (Moles/Litre)
Mc = Molar Concentration (Moles/Litre)
k = Constant of proportionality
3
Lachlan Panton & Johann Lambay
Galvanic Cell Investigation
Table of Contents
1 Introduction....................................................................................................................4
1.1 Background Information.........................................................................................................4
2 Aim.................................................................................................................................7
2.1 Experimental question............................................................................................................7
2.2 Hypothesis..............................................................................................................................7
3 Equipment / Set-up.........................................................................................................7
4 Methodology...................................................................................................................8
4.1 Method...................................................................................................................................8
4.2 Preliminary Trials....................................................................................................................9
5 Variables.........................................................................................................................9
5.1 Independent...........................................................................................................................9
5.2 Dependant..............................................................................................................................9
5.3 Controlled...............................................................................................................................9
6 Safety..............................................................................................................................9
6.1 Personal safety.......................................................................................................................9
6.2 Waste disposal / clean up.......................................................................................................9
7 Results...........................................................................................................................10
8 Analysis / Discussion.....................................................................................................11
8.1 Error and Uncertainty Discussion and Calculations of Electrode Mass Gain/Loss..................11
8.1.1 Electrode Mass Gain/Loss Calculations...............................................................................................11
8.1.2 Error and Uncertainty Discussion........................................................................................................12
8.2 Analysis of Tabular and Graphical Results.............................................................................13
8.3 Outliers and Accuracy of Results...........................................................................................14
9 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................14
9.1 Hypothesis, Aim and Experiment Question...........................................................................14
9.2 Experiment Goals and Findings.............................................................................................14
10 Evaluation...................................................................................................................15
10.1 Sources of Error..................................................................................................................15
10.1.1 Electrode Mass..................................................................................................................................15
10.1.2 Solution Amount Measurements......................................................................................................15
10.1.3 Amount of Trials................................................................................................................................15
10.2 Improvements....................................................................................................................16
1
Lachlan Panton & Johann Lambay
,Galvanic Cell
10.2.1 Changes to Materials List...................................................................................................................16
10.2.2 Changes to Method...........................................................................................................................16
10.2.3 Changes to Experiment Design..........................................................................................................16
11 Bibliography................................................................................................................17
Table of Figures
Figure 1-1 Galvanic Cell Diagram (Generalic, 2004-2020).........................................................7
Figure 7-2 Current produced vs Concentration of Galvanic Cell Solution...............................10
Table of Equations
Equation 1-1...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-2...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-3...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-4...............................................................................................................................5
Equation 1-5...............................................................................................................................6
Equation 1-6...............................................................................................................................6
Equation 1-7...............................................................................................................................6
Equation 1-8...............................................................................................................................6
Table of Tables
Table 1......................................................................................................................................10
Nomenclature
Aq - aqueous
Zn - Zinc
Cu - Copper
e - Electron
q = Charge (Coulombs)
I = Current (Milli-Amperes)
t = Time (Seconds)
F = Faraday (Faraday’s)
n = Moles of Electrons (Moles)
u = Coefficient of Unknown
k = Coefficient of Known
E = Moles of Electrode (Moles)
M = Atomic Mass/Molar Mass
2
Lachlan Panton & Johann Lambay
, Galvanic Cell
a = Moles of solute (Moles)
m = Mass Lost/Gained (Grams)
V = Litres of Solution (Litres)
C = Concentration (Moles/Litre)
Mc = Molar Concentration (Moles/Litre)
k = Constant of proportionality
3
Lachlan Panton & Johann Lambay
