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  5. Mechanism Of Disease 1 (301217020Y)

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All lectures of MOD1 + MOOC transplantation lectures (in English)
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  • Course
  • Mechanism Of Disease 1 (301217020Y)
  • Institution
  • Universiteit Leiden (UL)

Notes of all the lectures on Mechanisms of disease 1. The mandatory videos of the MOOC transplant are also included. Lots of pictures and examples.

Last document update: 2 year ago

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Document information

  • October 11, 2022
  • October 11, 2022
  • 43
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • L. j. wammes en d. cohen
  • All classes

Subjects

  • infection
  • inflammation
  • immune system
  • transplantation

Written for

  • Universiteit Leiden (UL)
  • Geneeskunde
  • Mechanism Of Disease 1 (301217020Y)
All documents for this subject (9)

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HCOZ :
Introduction TO The immune System



immune
System
-
(An
Identity Threat ( NO elimination of self )

it builds
-



A
Memory



firsi Protection → barrier,


PHYSICAL : Shin HAIR nails mucosa
-




,
, ,
° "

Aniimicrobial ten.rs/salivA
→ VA INA
Chemical : Substances epiihelium , lysozyme in acid
-




,




immune
System
-




protein in blood


leukocyies
-




for
cytokines → secreied Communication
-




↳
interleuhins Cheindsines interferon S
, ,




INNATE → f- AST non specific , no improvement, no
Memory
-



,


ys

Adaptive → slow , highly specific , improves with Tine
, Memory



INNATE

-

effector Mechanism → eliminatie
pathogeen ( by leukocyten & plasma protein )

cells
important phagocyies
-

→




granulocyten → firsi Arrive
-

TO




of
helpt the lenhrocyies
-




complement =
System plasma protein

→
labels the
pathogeen




vhyeloid cells


binding
-




eating
-




secreting cytokines
-




Adaptive
W W W →
Wa Wa Wa
W w µ
.
W W
→
Wa
T
B cells & cells dendriiic cells
T
macrophages
-



And +



MHC is used
Antigen b APC
-


TO
present

TCR only Tcell BCR Also Aniibody
-



on AS
,



Aften clonal
STAY behind
few cells
-




expansion A


↳ Formation
Memory




ijIJ

, lymph organs

Thymus → T cells edncrtted
-




-

bone Marrow →
TIB cells made


lymph nodes →
hubs for immune cells
-




inflammrttion


goals
-




-

eliminatie G- use


-




Clearing Oui necrotic cells


Tissue other cells
Repair
( easily
-


can enter more

Cytokines
histamine
first Cells
macrophage Coll ↑ VASCUIAR
pervneabiliiy
signalling
→
-
: + MAST → serotonine
,




mobilize
Systemic Cytokines immune
System




↳ =
fever




HCO} :
mechanismes of innate
immunity


And Adaptive work
INNATE
immunity Together
↳ induce inf / Animation cells molecules of of infection / Tissue
brings And immune
damage
→

System to site




innate immune
System
-


bio -
Mechanical barrier

-

skin

MUCOSA
-




-

soluble protein

-



Anti -
microbi.nl pepíides

Complement
-




cytokines / cheinohines
-




Acute Phase proieins
-




-

cells


grannlocyìes
-




Macrophages
-




different innate defense Mechanism for different Infectious




↳ firsi Cytokines

, complement
-


Cascade of soluble protiens And ( ell -
bound receptor And inhibitors


mainly present in serum
-




-




producen by Variety
of cell
Types
→ mist
b hepatocyies
-

function

hill

pn-i-hogens-opsoniZAT.vn
-




ACTIVATES Adaptive immunity
-




ACÏNATIOV Of complement

-
CLASSICAL

-


immune complexe And APOPTOTIC cells

(
1g
-




-
leciin

(
Arbohydrties And
IgA
-




-

MBL

-

Alternative

bn-cieri.nl surfaces LPS
And
IgA
-




-

↳ H2O



→ AII ACTIVATE (3
eventually → After The same Mechanism

(3 Splits in



-
( 3A → cheMOTAX.is


-
(3b →
OPSONISATION

Terminal PATHWAY = ( Sb 9-
( MAC) →
lysis
of ( Sb (3
clen-vn.ge Cs into ↳ ( ONVERTASE
-
-




-
( Sb binds (6 (7 (8 And multiple copies of (9
, ,


↳ forms Which
A
pore ,
Causes A cell To become leahy →
lysis




many complement inhibitors


ATTACK het / cells
STOPS spontane ons complement ACTIUATION And
Ing 0Wh
Thy
-




deficient of Clinical
juist Presentation
-


one →




effect or Mechanism of complement

-
ACTIVATIOVI Of in HAMMATIONS


( Csa ( Sa) Huid
-




Anaphylatoxins And →
incren.se vasculair permertbiliìy →
leakage And monocyteneutrophil Migration



of microbe
b phagocyies
recognition
-




(3b
opsonization b
-




-



lysis → membrane ATTACK complex ( MAC )




ij

, innaie immune cells


one cell →
receptor
many
-




Adaptive immune cells
fit Aciivaied


cells one Receptor
many
-

→




of
stages innate immune Response

1 Recognition of Infectious or
damage
( PRR)
b
→
PATTERN Recognition receptor Activiteit


Molecular (
pathogeen Associated PAMPS ) e.
SUGARS
-



Patterns 9
-
.




-




damage -
Associated Molecular Patterns ( DAMPS) e.
g. host
FACTORS

2 Recruitment of cells And Soluble FACTORS

-



Neutrophils into Tissue → (FA -
1 And ICAM -
1



3 elimination of microbe

>
phagocytosis
-




gene Transcription
→
cytokine Production
-




different
many ,


7

with different function

↳ flammarion
Togethercause in


4 Resolution of inflammation

-



b macrophages ,
fibroblasis And Angiogenese's
( if
5 induction of Adaptive immunity necessary )

dendriiic cells T cells
present Antigen
-

To -




^

NATURAL Killer cells

ACTIVATION
b interferon response ( IFN o IFN p)
-
- -




,




-

function

till directly ( virus Infected cells)
-




]
source of
cytokines
-




Aniibody dependant
Cytotoxicity
→ enhttnce Adaptive immune Response
-




HCOU :
B- And T -
cell
generation And
diversity



lymphocyies =
B- And T cells

↳ MOST Abundant in blood


B- And T cells have
Antigen specificity
-




↳ different
diversity is made
by combinatie.us of
segment>

-

7 light Chain locus K
light Chain locus heavy -
Chain locus
, ,


% , ]
↳ v. is
, ]
\>
v-ntsin.be joining rsity



V ( D) is random / Combined combinaties
]
→
SO
-




, , y many ,
Receptor


BCR Alternative TM-nsmembr.me
:
splicing → or secreten IgM



B- cell development ( in bone MARROW )




ijij

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