Summary
Summary MICROBIO in relation to pneumonia
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an in depth knowledge on the microbes that causes pneumonia
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CR-Micro RTI IC1Pneumonia..
Acute lower respiratory tract infection with new radiological signs.
Classification:
Pneumonia
Community Acquired
Hospital Acquired
Typical Atypical
# E-coli
# Klebsiella
# Enterobacter
# Mycoplasma pneumonia # Pseudomonas
# Streptococcus pneumonia
# Legionella pneumophila # Serratia marcescens
# Haemophillus influenza
# Clamydia pneumoniae # Staphylococcus aureus /
# Staphylococcus aureus MRSA
# Clamydia psittaci
# Coxiella burnetti # Legionella spp
Risk Factors Age Chronic lung disease Season
Smoker Alcoholism Co-morbidity
Clinical Features Productive of purulent sputum Fever
Dyspnoea Haemoptysis Pleuritic chest pain
Tachypnoea Rigors Malaise
Myalgia and anorexia are proeminent in atypical pneumonia
Physical Exam Dullness on percussion
Crepitation, bronchial breathing
Pleural rub
These signs are absent or minor in atypical pneumonia
Diagnosis Sputum for Gram stain and culture
Blood for culture ,WCC, ESR, CRP
CXR
Urinary legionella antigen
Serology
1
Treatment Antibiotics: usually co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin, cefuroxime
Page
RMSH-2012
, CR-Micro RTI IC1
Community Acquired Typical Pneumonia..
Streptococcus pneumonia
Gram positive diplococci
Commonest cause of pneumonia
Antibiotic resistant strains emerging
High morbidity
10-20% mortality
Antibiotic
Benzylpenicillin IV
Cefotaxime IV
Rifampicin should be added as a second agent
Prevention
Pneumococcal vaccine
Haemophillus influenza
COPD
Cefuroxime / co-amoxiclav
Staphylococcus aureus
IV Drug Users
Head injuries
Influenza
Abscess formation
Treatment: Flucloxacillin
2
Page
RMSH-2012
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