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Health and Social Care Unit 10: Sociological Perspectives P1 P2 M1 D1
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Wiktoria KakolUnit 10: sociological perspectives
P1: explain how sociological perspectives are applied to the understanding of health and social care
P2: explain how sociological perspectives contribute to the understanding of society
M1: analyse the contribution of sociological perspectives to the understanding of health and social care and
society
D1: evaluate the role of sociological perspectives in the understanding of society and models and concepts of
health in relation to the service provision in a local health and social care setting.
Mr Santos
In this assignment I am going to explain how the different sociological perspectives are applied to the
understanding of health and social care. The different sociological perspectives are; functionalism, feminism,
Marxism, post-modernism and social action. I will also explain how the 5 sociological perspectives contribute
to the understanding of society. After this I will make sure to analyse the contribution of sociological
perspectives to the understanding of health and social care and society and evaluate the role of sociological
perspectives in the understanding of society and models and concepts of health in relation to the service
provision in a local health and social care setting.
Sociology is a subject many people decide to study in order to find out about the human social relationships
and institutions, of how people decide to behave in different groups. The study of sociology is developed
into many subject areas, going from crime to religion, from divisions of race and social class all to any shared
beliefs in the culture.
Socialisation is the process of learning to behave in a way that is accepted by the society. The behaviour of
people will vary depending on the region they may live, as each region of the world has different beliefs.
There are two different types of socialisation, which are primary socialisation and secondary socialisation.
Primary socialisation are the norms and values learned at home. Whereas, secondary socialisation is the
norms and values you are taught outside of your home.
Culture is the social behaviour of people or society. The social behaviour of a person will depend on what
ethnicity they have and what religious beliefs they have. For example, some people may act more harshly
towards others as they believe that’s what they have to do, however, some people with many different
religious beliefs will think that they have to be kind to others as that’s what their religion says to do.
Norms are the rules/guidelines that decide how we should behave in a society of a group that is within a
society. If you do not follow the rules of the society you will be known as a deviant person. A deviant person
is an individual who does not conform to the norms of a society or a social group.
Diversity is recognising, respecting and valuing the idea that each individual is different. In a health and
social care setting, a health care professional will promote diversity by helping an individual according to
their own personal needs.
Social class is the division system of people, based on their social and economic status. Social class splits into
few levels;
- Upper class
- Middle class
- Working class
- Working poor
- Poverty level
The upper class owns the highest status in the society. The upper class people are usually the wealthiest
members and also hold a high political power. Middle class is in between of the upper class and working
class. They are in the middle of a social hierarchy, and are strongly challenged by different schools of political
, Wiktoria Kakol
Unit 10: sociological perspectives
P1: explain how sociological perspectives are applied to the understanding of health and social care
P2: explain how sociological perspectives contribute to the understanding of society
M1: analyse the contribution of sociological perspectives to the understanding of health and social care and
society
D1: evaluate the role of sociological perspectives in the understanding of society and models and concepts of
health in relation to the service provision in a local health and social care setting.
Mr Santos
and economic philosophy. Working class is a social group that consists of people that are employed for
certain amounts of wages, especially in the manual/industrial work. Working class jobs include blue-collar
jobs, some white-collar jobs and pink-collar jobs. The working poor social class are people with income that
falls below the given poverty line, which is usually due to lack of given working hours and low wages. Lastly,
poverty level is a social class of people that do not earn enough money in order to be able to live a normal
day-to-day life.
Race is a group of people that share similar physical characteristics, by which they are then split into
different categories by which they are viewed as upon by the society. Types of physical characteristics that
may split people into different race groups are the colour of eyes, skin colour, hair colour etc.
Ethnicity is a category in the society to which people identify with. Ethnicity may be defined on the
individual’s language, society, culture, nation and many more.
Gender is a category from the society, which indicates whether an individual is either a male or female. The
society may judge some people due to their gender by having the ideologies of gender roles. An example is,
females should look after children and their husband and do house duties such as cooking, cleaning and
many more. Whereas, men should be the ones to have a job.
Age is used to describe the time that an individual or an object exists. For example, individuals are said to be
a certain age after their birth.
Region is an area either in a country/the world, that has specific characteristics. However, it may not always
have fixed boundaries.
Sexual orientation is a person’s sexual identity that relates to the gender someone is attracted to.
Individuals may usually be referred to as; heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual.
- Homosexual; this is when someone is sexually attracted to the same sex. For example; a man being
attracted to another man or a woman to a woman.
- Heterosexual; this is when an individual is sexually attracted to another individual, which is the
opposite sex. For example; a man attracted to a woman.
- Bisexual; this is when someone is being sexually attracted to both genders, men and women.
Family is a group of individuals that share either a legal or genetic bond. However, you don’t always have to
be legally or genetically bonded in order to be a classified as a family. There are many types of family
structures that people live in. The 6 main types of family structures are;
- Nuclear family - a nuclear family is a traditional type of family structure that consists of both parents
and children. The society believes that this is the ideal way to bring up children as it’s the most
stable.
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