Summary
samenvatting slides biotechnology
- Course
- Institution
summary of the slides of the first-year master course in biotechnology
[Show more]
Seller
Followstijndamoiseaux
Reviews received
Content preview
Samenvatting BiotechnologyChapter 1 (minder belangrijk)
The Biotechnology Century and Its Workforce
1.1 What Is Biotechnology and What Does It Mean to You?
Examples of Biotechnology are in Your Home--> bread
• Broad definition of Biotechnology:
Using living organisms, or the products of living organisms, for human benefit (or to
benefit human surroundings) to make a product or solve a problem (or by providing a
relieve to).
• Forecasting the future:
2020: Biotech companies generate global revenues of $163 billion.
= 20% of the revenues generated by the pharmaceutical market
Current annual growth rate of biotech companies is > 8% (conventional pharma companies
round 4%)
Historical Examples:
• Fermentation
• Selective breeding
• Use of antibiotics
Selective Breeding Is an Old Example of Biotechnology That Is Still Common Today
• Modern Examples:
• Use of antibiotics:
• Batch (large-scale) processes
• Gene cloning
, • Genetic engineering
• Recombinant DNA technology
Recombinant DNA technology started modern biotech as an industry
• Examples of applications:
• Development of disease-resistant plants
• Food crops that produce greater yields
• “Golden rice” engineered to be more nutritious
• Genetically engineered bacteria that can degrade environmental pollutants
• Use genetically modified cultured cells to make protein of interest
Products of Modern Biotechnology:
• Example of proteins created by gene cloning called recombinant
proteins
• Most drugs are developed to combat diseases affecting humans
Investigational Biotechnology Drugs by Disease Category
, • ‘Human Genome Project’:
• Genomics (the study of genomes)
• Artificial or synthetic genomes
• Genome editing: CRISPR-Cas
Gene Maps of Chromosomes 13 and 21 resulting from the Human Genome Project
• Gene Therapy Approaches:
• Attempts to treat and cure human disease conditions:
• Delivering genes to treat or cure a genetic disorder:
• Grow organs for transplantation
• New biotechnology products from marine organisms are being
used to treat cancers, strokes, and arthritis
• Ethics and Biotechnology
Biotechnology is a controversial science that presents many ethical dilemmas
, Biotechnology:
A Science of Many Disciplines
1.2 Types of Biotechnology
• Microbial Biotechnology—manipulation of microorganisms such as yeast and
bacteria:
• Fermentation
• Generation of better enzymes
• More efficient decontamination processes for industrial waste product
removal
• Used to clone and produce large amounts of important proteins used in
human medicine
• Antibiotics
• Creation of synthetic genomes:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller stijndamoiseaux. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.55. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64438 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now