Interview
Class notes IB Psychology SL - Cognitive approach additional terms
- Course
- Institution
Overview with description, explanation, and studies for IB Psychology Cognitive Approach additional terms that were added since 2021 exams
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
normallocal6664
Reviews received
Content preview
Cognitive Approach – Additional TermsTopic Content Terms that may be used in assessment
questions starting 2020
Cognitive processing Schema o Cognitive schema
Thinking and decision-making o Rational (controlled)
o Intuitive thinking (automatic)
Topic Definition Example Study & Link (NEW)
Rational Rational thinking is thinking System 2 Luce, Bettman, and Payne –
(Controlled) according to logical rules, which Classified by Kahneman as the giving children financial aid
Thinking is considered by many theorists slower, conscious, and rational
to be a central part of style of thinking. System 2 The results of Luce et al. (1997)
intelligence thinking is deliberate and show how System 2 works when
effortful, requiring mental work making a difficult tradeoff
and concentration. System 2 between two options.
thinking is deliberate and Therefore, when the
effortful, requiring mental work participants were given more
and concentration. Additionally, information about a child to
when someone is engaged in pick, they thought more about
System 2 thinking, their body is their decision and tried to
also involved - muscles tense rationalize their thinking. This
Thinking and Decision Making
up, blood pressure rises, and shows that the adaptive
pupils dilate. decision-making framework is
influenced by difficult emotions
can stimulate the use of rational
thinking
Intuitive Intuitive thinking means going System 1 Tversky and Kahneman –
(Automatic) with one's first instinct and Kahneman classifies the form of anchoring bias
Thinking reaching decisions quickly based rapid, effortless thinking System
on automatic cognitive 1 thinking. System 1 thinking is The study shows how
processes. automatic, intuitive, and participants automatically
requires no effort. For example, assumed that the product was
many people instantly know higher due to the anchor
that 10x10=100 starting at a higher number (8).
This shows their intuitive
Anchoring Bias thinking as they had to make an
Anchoring bias is a cognitive automatic and quick decision of
bias that causes people to rely what they thought the product
too heavily on the first piece of is.
information they are given
about a topic.
Tversky and Kahneman – Anchoring Bias
Tversky and Kahneman aimed to investigate whether the order of numbers in a row would affect how participants
would estimate the value of the number if they were multiplied. The sample was made up of high school students
and there were two conditions. One, the “ascending” conditions were presented with 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 X 6 X 7 X 8
and had to estimate the total value in 5 seconds. The second condition, the “descending” one was presented with 8
X 7 X 6 X 5 X 4 X 3 X 2 X 1 and also had 5 seconds to estimate the value. The results were that the ascending group
had a median estimate of 512 whereas the descending condition had a median estimate of 2250. The actual value
was 40,032.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller normallocal6664. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now