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Sports unit 17- Assignment 2 (treatment sports injuries) *Distinction*
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Sports Unit 17- Assignment 2 (treatment sports injuries).
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BTEC Level 3 National Extended Diploma in SportUnit 17- Sports injury management: Treatment sports injuries
Learning aim: explore common treatment and rehabilitation methods
Part A:
The body has infinite physiological responses that activate in the event of an injury happening, these responses
provide protection and initiate the repair of the damaged tissues. Immense knowledge about the numerous
amounts of sporting injuries and their symptoms is incredibly important because it allows for an immediate and
most appropriate treatments to be implemented. It is also important that the injuries are spotted quickly and
diagnosed, so that the damage to the body does not worsen and that the provision of excellent care within each
stage of the rehabilitation process and initial treatment.
There are many physiological responses, and they are:
Damaged tissues (clotting mechanisms, primary damage response and healing response)
The importance of scar tissue in the remodelling process
Related to the injury (sprains and strains)
Haematomas (intermuscular and intramuscular)
Employing correct techniques for vulnerable individuals such as unconscious casualties, people with injuries such as
sprained ankles, lower limb bleeds and dislocated shoulders need to be instantly enforced to further prolong the life
of the person and stop the injuries from worsening. The correct protocols are all publicly known.
Unconscious casualty: In this scenario, the unconscious individual has clashed heads during a rugby team which
means that they are need of primary survey. The primary survey for unconsciousness is the application of
DR(S)ABCD.
Danger- the first step upon finding an unresponsive casualty is to check the surrounding areas for potential dangers
that can harm the first aider and the other individual. This creates and further proves that the area is a safe place for
the first aider to work in.
Response- the next step is response where the first aider checks if the immobile person can communicate to a
certain extent. Communication can range from speech to eye blinks or increased breathing rate. To determine this,
the first aider will either ask for their name or do a gentle shake of the person's shoulder. If the person is not
responding, then the first aider needs to move onto the next step.
(S)end help- the next step is to contact the ambulance by phone or get someone else to. They should follow
instructions or questions asked by the operator
Airway- opening the airways is the next step. This should be done with the unconscious person’s head lifted up with
two hands on the forehand and two just beneath the chin to look for any obstructions. If the obstruction of a
launched object is causing further harm or not making the unconscious person not breathe, then the appropriate
response will be to take it out.
Breathing- this step requires for the first aider to look, listen, and feel for breathing. This can be checked by the
persons chest rising up and down. If they are not breathing, then the first aider begins CPR (Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation).
CPR- CPR begins with two breathes into the mouth of the unconscious individual and then the application of thirty
chest compression followed by a another two breathes into the patient's mouth.
Defibrillator- the last step is to use a defibrillator and follow the prompts provided by the machine
, The secondary survey is the immediately following response after the application of DRABCD. Secondary survey is
done when the patient has been resuscitated and stabilised. It includes more health inspection and aims to find any
life-threatening injuries. The recovery position is the secondary survey.
1, With the person lying flat on their back, the first aider kneels on the floor next to them aiming to roll them onto
their left
2. The second step is to support their head with the right hand or opposite hand to the first aider if the unconscious
is not being rolled onto their left
3. The next step is for the first aider to bend their right leg and roll them towards them
4. Open their airway by gently tilting their head back and lifting their chin, and check that nothing is blocking their
airway
Sprained ankle: The second scenario is a sprained ankle that a 16-year-old female hurdler obtained two days ago
during training. The primary survey for sprained ankle is SALTAPS.
See- during the seeing part of the assessment, the first aider sees where the injury has happened and confirms the
mechanism of the injury which is blunt trauma
Ask- this is when the first aider asks the person what is wrong, where the pain is and the intensity of the injury
Look- look for signs of deformities of limbs, swelling, redness, inflammation, and any visible and hidden signs of
bleeding.
Touch- touch the injury for signs of tenderness, inflammation, heat, loss of change of pain and sensation.
Active movement- active movements are physical movements made by the patient to assess the extent of the injury
and the strength of the affected area.
Passive movements- the first aider should try to move the injured site by themselves but only if there is a good range
of movement available.
Strength- with no pain shown after all the previous steps have been completed, then the first aider should use
resisted movements to assess loss of function. For example, helping them to their feet and seeing if they can stand
unaided. After this, the test can be progressed to the patient running or walking.
The next step of treating a sprained ankle is PRICED.
Protect- this is when the injured area gets protected from any more injures
Rest- the patient should be advised to discontinue their activity after they have injured themselves. This will help reduce
pain and swelling of the injury.
Ice- a cold compression or ice pack should be applied which will help decrease the swelling and pain of the injury.
Compression- lenient pressure such as compressive bandage, cloth or padding should be applied to the injury site. The
compression will decrease blood flow to the injury site and help limit swelling by reducing fluid seeping into the injured
area from adjacent tissues.
Elevation- the area should be put into a raised position above the level of the heart for support. This helps reduces blood
flow to the injury, which will help decrease bruising and swelling at the injury.
Lower limb bleed: In third scenario is a lower limb bleed suffered by a 17-year-old female footballer during a tackle. The
limb is bleeding quite heavily and there is a possibility that the player will go into shock.
1, Direct pressure should be applied to the wound with the help of sterile dressing to minimise bleeding
2. The next step for the first aider is to secure the dressing with a bandage to keep the pressure on the wound. The aim of
the bandaging is to restrict their circulation
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