NCFE CACHE Level 2 Extended Diploma in Health & Social Care
This document contains work P4- Suggest services within the health and social care sector that can best support the needs of older people. And M3- Discuss dilemmas facing health and social care practitioners when caring for older people.
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Health and Social Care - Level 3
Unit 18 - Caring for older people
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Unit 18, Task 2B Resub
Types of care
There are many different care options available to older people. Some people may decide to stay in their
own home, this is known as domiciliary care and some may choose to or have to in some cases, go into a
care home. Domiciliary care is beneficial to someone who wants to remain independent, as they can
stay in their own home but also be supported, this can be done by having carers in to help them get up
for the day and to go to bed on the night, but they also sometimes come in at meal times to help
support them. Within hospitals, there are two types of care; inpatient and outpatient care. Inpatient
care is when someone needs to stay in hospital for a pro-longed amount of time, whereas outpatient
treatment is when someone only goes in for treatment and is then out of hospital the same day. Some
older people may need more inpatient care than others as they may have more health problems. In the
case of someone with diabetes they may be put in contact with a dietitian or nutritionist to put together
a diet plan to help control their diabetes. Rehabilitation is a type of care, it provides support to help
people regain control after losing either physical, mental, thinking and learning abilities. There are three
types of rehabilitation services, these include occupational therapy, physical therapy or speech therapy.
“Occupational therapy is used to rehabilitate individuals who require assistance in participating in
everyday activities.” (Ferreiro Peteiro, Rasheed and Saunder, 2019)
Types of support
There are many types of support that are available to older people. This includes health, social,
emotional, practical, financial support and specific support. Types of support include charities such as
Marie Curie, they provide care and support through terminal illnesses, such as dementia. They provide
support from the diagnosis up until the end of life, at which a palliative care nurse can come and stay to
provide the family with some respite, which also allows a person to die at home, as comfy as possible.
This also ensures that the person’s wishes are met. Occupational health can be a type of support for
many individuals as they get older, they will do an assessment of the person’s needs and the
accommodation to see what aids and adaptations need to be put in place to best support the individual.
For someone with mobility difficulties this could be putting a hoist in place so that they can get in and
out of bed.
, Applying values of care
Maintaining confidentiality
Any staff involved in caring for an individual, must ensure that they maintain confidentiality and any
information that must be shared is only on a need-to-know basis, with other practitioners involved in
caring for the individual. For example, someone’s care file should not be left lying around for anyone to
look through, and care workers must be able to have access to this file, so they will all know where this
file would be kept but family members for example will not have access to this file. “Information should
only be shared on a need-to-know basis, for example with other workers involved in an individual’s
care.” (Ferreiro Peteiro et al., 2016) “You should not share information with anyone else, even a
person’s family or friends, without an individual’s permission. The only exceptions are if a person is at
risk of harming others, is at risk of harming themselves, is at risk of being hurt by others or when there is
a risk of a serious offence being carried out.” (Ferreiro Peteiro et al., 2016)
Promoting equality and diversity
Care workers should always use language that does not discriminate and should not patronise an
individual. Care workers should refer to the care plan for the individual to check their preferred name.
To ensure that someone’s specific needs are met health and social care settings should be as inclusive as
possible, for example, settings should provide vegetarian options, to ensure that they include
vegetarians. Care needs to meet an individual’s specific needs; any care should be tailored to the
individual, this is called person centered care. This is because care workers can’t treat everyone the
same as everyone has different needs, so everyone’s care must be tailored around those needs.
Promoting individual rights and beliefs
“Care environments, such as hospitals and residential care homes, could provide access to a prayer
room or transport to church, for example, to support individuals’ religious beliefs.” “Another way to
promote individuality is by providing a menu with vegetarian, gluten free, halal and kosher options so
that the menu caters for all types of dietary needs and provides choices for all.” (Ferreiro Peteiro et al.,
n.d.) Someone’s individual rights and beliefs can be met through person centered care. Person centered
care involves placing the individual at the centre of the care and giving them control to make choices,
through empowerment.
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