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Class notes

Parpados apuntes plusultra

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Apuntes a cerca de los parpados en oftalmologia.

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  • October 22, 2022
  • 6
  • 2020/2021
  • Class notes
  • Dr zegarra
  • All classes
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EST: CESAR BUSTAMANTE AYALA
PARPADOS
1. ANATOMIA
a. Son dos repliegues cutáneos que cubren la superficie anterior de la orbita
b. Limites
c. Configuración Externa
d. Vasos e Inervación de los parpados




e.
2. ESTRUCTURA
a. CONSTA DE 7 PLANOS:
i. PIEL.
ii. TEJIDO CELULAR LAXO
iii. PLANO MUSCULAR ORBICULAR.
iv. 2ª CAPA DE TEJIDO CELULAR LAXO
v. PLANO FIBRO ELÁSTICO TARSO  TJ DE SOSTEN
vi. PLANO MUSCULAR ELEVADOR Y MUSCULO MULLER (EN EL PARPADO INFERIOR
LLEVA EL RETRACTOR DEL PARPADO. PREGUNTE EN CLASES)
vii. PLANO MUCOSO O CONJUNTIVA


i. LINEA GRIS – ZONA DE TRANSICION ENTRE LA PIEL Y LAS GLANDULAS O MUCOSA
OCULAR
ii. MUSCULOS RETRACTORES - EN PARPADO INFERIOR
iii. MUSCULO ELEVADOR Y M. MULLER  EN PARPADO SUPERIOR

, EST: CESAR BUSTAMANTE AYALA




iv.
3. INFECCION E INFLAMACION
a. ORZUELO
i. Es un proceso infeccioso agudo de las glándulas palpebrales, de Zeiss y de Moll
ii. Clasificación:
1. Orzuelo externo
2. Orzuelo Interno
iii. Tratamiento
1. Se indica la antibiótico, tópico y sistémico.
2. Es infeccioso.
b. CHALAZION
i. Proceso granulomatoso inflamatorio crónico e inespecífico de la glándula de
Meibonio
ii. Favorecido por las blefaritis
iii. Dx. Diferencial
1. Orzuelo
2. Ca. de glándulas de Meibonio
iv. Tratamiento
1. Resolución Espontanea,
2. Combinacion atb y steroide
3. Extirpación quirúrgica
4. Inyección intralesional de triamsinolona
c. BLEFARITIS
i. Seborreica – Exceso de secreción de las glándulas de Zeiss
ii. Clínica: madarosis, descamasión y prurito.
iii. Estafilococica – Causada por S. Aureus
iv. Se pueden complicar con:
1. Chalazión
2. Orzuelo
3. conjuntivitis (blefaroconjuntivitis)
v. Tratamiento.-
1. Higiene
2. Retirar escamas
3. La estafilocócica se trata con ungüentos antibióticos 4 x día
4. A veces se aumenta atb sístemico doxiciclina o dicloxacilina

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