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IP1 - EXAM 2 Complete Summary (Literature & Lectures)
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Complete summary of lectures 4,5,6 and all literature for exam 2, Intervention and Policies I.
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Period 1 Interventions and Policies IL4- Lecture
Behavioral and environmental change
strategies
,Period 1 Interventions and Policies I
How to increase Covid-vaccination coverage?
Two concerns
- We have a better product that is becoming available in a couple of weeks (why use the present
one).
- The new vaccine is produced too quickly, there must be something wrong with it.
> This is reflecting in the low booster vaccination rates.
What factors are related to behavior?
> Know who to target and what processes to influence.
Factors that influence vaccination willingness
,Period 1 Interventions and Policies I
How can uptake of covid-19 vaccination among young people be promoted ?
Why would this approach work?
• Information (keep updated)
• Sense of urgency and awareness
• Make it more personal (what could you gain from it)
• Practical aspects -> bring vaccines to people instead of the other way around
• Additional motivational reasons (nudging people)
> What’s been happening in the Netherlands:
- Prominent role for education interventions (clear & balanced information)
o Letters, flyers, free magazines, websites
o Movie clips & social media
o Personal conversations
o Neighborhood promotion teams
o Hesitation phone line
o Media campaigns
o Talkshows
- Collaboration with civic organizations
- Multilingual communication
> Some other approaches that haven’t been used as much:
o Risk communication
o Privacy of vaccination setting (for religious people for example)
o Outreach vaccination
o Improving accessibility
o Appointment support/walk-in
o Combining testing & vaccination
o SMS reminder system
o Incentives (free haring, free shots etc.)
o Role models
o Access restrictions
> The major question which is still not answered yet is ”What works to promote vaccination?”
Logic model of change
> Apply logic to come up with intervention approaches that are most likely to work.
, Period 1 Interventions and Policies I
> Change approaches need to effectively address those factors that are actually related to the
behaviors of the people affected and/or of environmental agents.
o Be patient and not think too quickly in what you are going to do.
o Beyond ‘It seemed like a good idea at the time’
Lecture aims
1) Understanding the critical importance of ensuring that change approaches are matched to factors
affecting behavior.
2) Ability to draw on typologies and taxonomies of change approaches and matching tools to identify
appropriate change approaches.
How to select change approaches to influence identified determinants of behavior?
Taxonomy of behavior change techniques (Michie)
= organzing a bunch of items in categories → ‘a classification’
> Behaviour change techniques (BCTs)
o Smallest component with active ingredient
o Used alone or in combination with other BCTs
> This article is to get an overview of different approaches
> Multi-methods approach, to get as many ideas as possible together:
o Literature search
o Expert ratings
o Open-sort study
o Interrater agreements
o Advisory Board
> 93 behavior change approaches and 16 clusters identified.
> Behaviour change techniques (BCTs)
o Smallest component with active ingredient
o Used alone or in combination with other BCTs
> One of the sixteen clusters: 1. Goals and planning
1.1. Goal setting (behavior)
1.2. Problem solving
1.3. Goal setting (outcome)
1.4. Action planning
1.5. Review behavior goal(s)
1.6. Discrepancy between current behavior and` goal
1.7. Review outcome goal(s)
1.8. Behavioral contract
1.9. Commitment
> What is important about this article is to see that there are many behavior change approaches out
there. They work in different ways but some of them are also pretty similar.
o Apply this as a tool.
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