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samenvatting onderzoeksvaardigheden 2
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samenvatting onderzoeksvaardigheden 2
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ONDERZOEKSVAARDIGHEDEN2E JAAR
Bo Verniers
,1. ONDERZOEK DOEN ................................................................................................................. 0
1.1 WAT IS ONDERZOEK? ........................................................................................................... 0
1.1.1 WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK ................................................................................ 0
1.1.2 WELLBEING EN VITALITEITSMANAGEMENT.................................................................. 0
1.2 ONDERZOEKSVAARDIGHEDEN 1WVM............................................................................. 0
1.3 METHODEN VAN ONDERZOEK ........................................................................................ 1
1.3.1 ONDERZOEKSPROCES – “UI” ......................................................................................... 1
1.4 STAPPEN IN HET ONDERZOEKSPROCES............................................................................ 6
1.4.1 AANLEIDING .................................................................................................................. 6
1.4.2 INKADERING ................................................................................................................. 6
1.4.3 ONDERZOEKSMETHODE ............................................................................................... 7
1.4.4 KEUZE DATAVERZAMELINGSINSTRUMENT ................................................................... 7
1.4.5 POPULATIE EN EVENTUELE STEEKPROEFBEPALING ...................................................... 7
1.4.6 ONTWIKKELING EN AFNAME VAN HET DATAVERZAMELINGSINSTRUMENT............... 12
1.4.7 ANALYSE VAN DE GEGEVENS ...................................................................................... 13
1.4.8 BEANTWOORDING PROBLEEMSTELLING – RAPPORTAGE ONDERZOEK ...................... 13
1.5 7 STAPPEN PLAN – CONCRETE TOEPASSING ONDERZOEKSPROCES ................................ 14
1.5.1 PLANNING OPSTELLEN ................................................................................................ 14
1.5.2 UITZUIVEREN ONDERWERP ........................................................................................ 14
1.5.3 BRONNENONDERZOEK (VERZAMELEN) ...................................................................... 14
1.5.4 EIGEN DATA VERZAMELE EN VERWERKEN .................................................................. 14
1.5.5 BRONNEN EN EIGEN DATA BEOORDELEN (VERWERKEN) ........................................... 14
1.5.6 INFORMATIE VERWERKEN – BRONVERMELDING EN CITEREN .................................... 14
1.5.7 INFORMATIE VERWERKEN – RAPPORTEREN ............................................................... 14
2 AFBAKENING VAN HET ONDERZOEK ..................................................................................... 15
2.1 DOELSTELLING VAN HET ONDERZOEK ........................................................................... 15
2.2 PROBLEEMSTELLING EN ONDERZOEKSVRAAG ............................................................... 16
2.2.1 SOORTEN ONDERZOEKSVRAGEN ................................................................................ 16
2.2.2 PICO ............................................................................................................................ 17
2.2.3 VAN ONDERWERP NAAR ONDERZOEKSVRAAG........................................................... 18
2.2.4 CONTROLELIJST VOOR HET FORMULEREN VAN DE ONDERZOEKSVRAAG................... 19
2.2.5 VERRUIMEN EN VERSMALLEN VAN DE ONDERZOEKSVRAAG ..................................... 20
2.2.6 DEELVRAGEN FORMULEREN ....................................................................................... 20
3 BRONVERMELDING ............................................................................................................... 21
3.1 VERWIJZINGEN IN DE TEKST .......................................................................................... 21
3.1.1 PLAATS VAN DE BRONVERMELDING ........................................................................... 21
3.1.2 HERHALEN VAN EEN BORNVERMELDING ................................................................... 21
3.1.3 ACHTERNAMEN .......................................................................................................... 22
3.1.4 MEERDERE BRONNEN VAN HETZELFDE JAAR EN DEZELFDE AUTEUR ......................... 22
3.1.5 CITEREN ...................................................................................................................... 22
3.1.6 PARAFRASEREN .......................................................................................................... 23
,3.2 BRONVERMELDING....................................................................................................... 24
3.2.1 BOEK ........................................................................................................................... 24
3.2.2 HOOFDSTUK BOEK ...................................................................................................... 26
3.2.3 TIJDSCHRIFT ARTIKEL .................................................................................................. 26
3.2.4 KRANTENARTIKEL ....................................................................................................... 27
3.2.5 INTERNETBRON .......................................................................................................... 27
3.2.6 PROEFSCHRIFT – BACHELORPROEF - STAGEVERSLAG ................................................. 30
3.2.7 TABEL – FIGUUR – AFBEELDING .................................................................................. 31
4 METHODEN VOOR INFORMATIEVERZAMELING..................................................................... 33
4.1 SOORT ONDERZOEK ...................................................................................................... 33
4.2 DESKRESEARCH EN FIELDRESEARCH .............................................................................. 33
4.3 ONLINE ONDERZOEK ..................................................................................................... 34
4.3.1 MOBIEL ONDERZOEK .................................................................................................. 34
4.4 KWANTITATIEF EN KWALITATIEF ONDERZOEK............................................................... 34
4.4.1 KWANTITATIEF ONDERZOEK ....................................................................................... 34
4.4.2 KWALITATIEF .............................................................................................................. 34
4.4.3 KENMERKEN VAN ONDERZOEK................................................................................... 35
4.5 BETROUWBAARHEID EN VALIDITEIT.............................................................................. 35
4.5.1 BELANGRIJKE PUNTEN BIJ BETROUWBAARHEID EN VALIDITEIT ................................. 35
4.5.2 BETROUWBAARHED BIJ KWANTITATIEF EN KWALITATIEF ONDERZOEK ..................... 36
4.5.3 BETROUWBAARHEID .................................................................................................. 36
4.5.4 VALIDITEIT .................................................................................................................. 36
4.5.5 CONCLUSIE BETROUWBAARHEID & VALIDITEIT .......................................................... 38
4.6 INFORMATIEVERZAMELING .......................................................................................... 39
4.6.1 SOORTEN ONDERZOEKSINSTRUMENTEN ................................................................... 39
5 DESKRESEARCH ..................................................................................................................... 44
5.1 TYPES BESTAANDE GEGEVENS....................................................................................... 44
5.1.1 SOORTEN DATAMATERIAAL ........................................................................................ 44
5.2 VOOR EN NADELEN VAN DESKRESEARCH ...................................................................... 44
5.3 LITERATUURBRONNEN ................................................................................................. 45
5.3.1 SOORTEN LITERATUURBRONNEN ............................................................................... 45
5.3.2 HOE BRONNEN BEOORDELEN? ................................................................................... 45
6 KWALITATIEF ONDERZOEK .................................................................................................... 45
6.1 INTERVIEW ................................................................................................................... 45
6.1.1 SOORTEN INTERVIEWS ............................................................................................... 45
6.1.2 OPSTELLEN VAN DE VRAGEN (LIJST)............................................................................ 46
6.1.3 SOORTEN VRAGEN ...................................................................................................... 46
6.2 FOCUSGROEPEN ........................................................................................................... 46
6.3 OBSERVATIE ................................................................................................................. 47
6.3.1 SOORTEN OBSERVATIES .............................................................................................. 47
6.4 CASE STUDY .................................................................................................................. 48
6.5 SAMENGEVAT............................................................................................................... 48
6.6 DATA ANALYSE IN KWALITATIEF ONDERZOEK ............................................................... 49
6.7 BETROUWBAARHEID EN VALIDITEIT IN KWALITATIEF ONDERZOEK ................................ 50
, 7 KWANTITATIEF ONDERZOEK ................................................................................................. 52
7.1 ENKELE STATISTISCHE BEGRIPPEN ................................................................................. 52
7.2 BEGINSELEN VAN DESCRIPTIEVE STATISTIEK/ BESCHRIJVENDE STATISTIEK .................... 52
7.2.1 VERSCHILLENDE SOORTEN DATA VERWERKEN ........................................................... 52
7.2.2 VERSCHILLENDE MEETNIVEAUS (NOIR) ...................................................................... 53
7.2.3 VERWERKING VAN CATEGORISCHE OF KWALITATIEVE DATA ..................................... 54
7.2.4 VERWERKING VAN KWANTITATIEVE DATA ................................................................. 56
7.3 KWANTITATIEF ONDERZOEK MET ENQUETES ................................................................ 71
7.3.1 OPSTELLEN VAN VRAGENLIJSTEN ............................................................................... 71
7.3.2 VERWERKING VAN VRAGENLIJSTEN ........................................................................... 79
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