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Lecture notes Clinical Neuropsychiatry
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Dementia and its types of treatment/interventions
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DementiaDementia is a syndrome (a group of related symptoms) associated with an ongoing decline of brain
functioning. There are many different causes of dementia, and many different types.
- Progressive cognitive decline
- Functional impairments
Prevention
- Resistance training
- Exercise: Good evidence of lifestyle modification to prevent dementia. High intensity exercise
promotes hippocampus neurogenesis. No clear evidence if it helps with exercise.
- Those not participating in social activities have higher risk
- Being physically and mentally active
Treatment of Dementia
- Cognitive interventions
1. Cognitive training
2. Cognitive stimulation: People with mild/moderate dementia (NICE).
3. Cognitive rehabilitation: People with mild/moderate dementia, ask the person what they want
to get better at with specific functional goals.
- Findings of a study: people who trained got better in that domain (memory vs reasoning vs
processing). Evidence that brain training can help.
- Findings of a study for cognitive training in people dementia found no significant difference.
- More effective when done in groups rather than individually.
Strategies for memory
- Chunking training improves general cognition
Dementia Neuropsychiatric Inventory
- Depression and anxiety increase risk of developing dementia.
- CBT, interpersonal therapy or counselling were effective in slightly reducing depressive
symptoms for participants with dementia (Orgeta et al 2014).
- Antidepressants are not very helpful
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