Summary
Samenvatting verloskunde blok 2: Ouders en kind in de hoofdroll
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Deze samenvatting is geschreven door een student van de Academie Verloskunde Maastricht en omvat alle globale leerdoelen van blok 2.
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By: ealiefting • 2 year ago
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Samenvatting blok 2Ouder en kind in de hoofdrol
Inhoudsopgave
1. Organisatie van de verloskundige zorg ........................................................................................................5
Integrale geboortezorg ....................................................................................................................................... 5
Het Verloskundig Samenwerkingsverband ......................................................................................................... 6
De KNOV ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
De financiering van de geboortezorg .................................................................................................................. 6
Integrale bekostiging...................................................................................................................................... 6
Monodisciplinaire bekostiging ....................................................................................................................... 7
De kosten voor de cliënt ................................................................................................................................ 7
De sociale kaart .................................................................................................................................................. 9
2. Woman- centred care..................................................................................................................................9
Wat is Womon-Centred Care (WCC)? ................................................................................................................. 9
Wat is Shared Decision making (SDM)? ............................................................................................................ 10
3. De gaswisseling van een zwangere ............................................................................................................ 10
De anatomie van de longen .............................................................................................................................. 10
De bronchiolen ............................................................................................................................................. 10
De alveoli...................................................................................................................................................... 10
De longen ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
Het ademhalingscentrum in de hersenen ......................................................................................................... 11
De gaswisseling................................................................................................................................................. 11
De invloed van de zwangerschap op het ademhalingsstelsel ........................................................................... 13
Astma in de zwangerschap ............................................................................................................................... 13
Medicatiegebruik voor Astma in de zwangerschap .......................................................................................... 13
Salmeterol, formoterol, vilanterol (langwerkende luchtwegverwijdende middelen) ................................. 13
Salbutamol, terbutaline, fenoterol (kortwerkende luchtwegverwijdende middelen) ................................. 13
4. Het bekken en het caput van de foetus ..................................................................................................... 14
Anatomie van het bekken ................................................................................................................................. 14
Afmetingen bekken ...................................................................................................................................... 14
Bekkenvormen ............................................................................................................................................. 15
Anatomie van de bekkenbodem ....................................................................................................................... 16
Anatomie van de schedel van de foetus............................................................................................................ 17
Afmetingen schedel van de foetus............................................................................................................... 18
5. Spiercontracties in de zwangerschap ......................................................................................................... 19
De anatomie van spieren .................................................................................................................................. 19
Glad spierweefsel ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Dwarsgestreept spierweefsel....................................................................................................................... 21
Werking van de spier ................................................................................................................................... 21
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, De anatomie van spieren in de uterus .............................................................................................................. 22
De innervatie van spierweefsel ......................................................................................................................... 23
Het ontstaan van weeën ................................................................................................................................... 23
Het op gang komen van de baring (hormonen) ................................................................................................ 25
Oestrogenen ................................................................................................................................................ 25
Progesteron.................................................................................................................................................. 25
Prostaglandinen ........................................................................................................................................... 25
Oxytocine ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
Relaxine ........................................................................................................................................................ 27
Adrenaline .................................................................................................................................................... 27
6. In partu ..................................................................................................................................................... 28
De fysiologie van de baring ............................................................................................................................... 28
Het eerste tijdperk: de ontsluiting ............................................................................................................... 28
Het tweede tijdperk: de uitdrijving .............................................................................................................. 30
Het derde tijdperk: het nageboortetijdperk ................................................................................................ 30
Het vierde tijdperk: de postplacentaire tijdperk .......................................................................................... 32
Baringshoudingen ............................................................................................................................................. 32
Handelingen/controles tijdens de baring .......................................................................................................... 33
Het partogram .................................................................................................................................................. 33
7. Baringsmechanismen ................................................................................................................................ 34
Definities ........................................................................................................................................................... 34
Vlakken van Hodge....................................................................................................................................... 34
De positie ..................................................................................................................................................... 34
De excentrische pool .................................................................................................................................... 35
Draaiingen .................................................................................................................................................... 35
Het draaipunt ............................................................................................................................................... 35
Passage door het bekken .................................................................................................................................. 35
Achterhoofdsligging, achterhoofd voor (Aav) .............................................................................................. 35
Kruinligging (Kaa) ......................................................................................................................................... 37
Achterhoofdsligging, achterhoofd achter (Aaa) ........................................................................................... 38
Voorhoofdsligging (Vkv) ............................................................................................................................... 39
Aangezichtsligging (Aakv)............................................................................................................................. 40
Hoge rechtstand (Aav/OA of Aaa/OP).......................................................................................................... 41
Diepe dwarsstand (Aaldw/LOT of Aardw/ROT)............................................................................................ 42
Wandbeenligging (Waldw) ........................................................................................................................... 42
8. Pijn............................................................................................................................................................ 43
De anatomie en fysiologie van de bekkenbodem zenuwen .............................................................................. 43
De anatomie en fysiologie van pijn ................................................................................................................... 44
Pijnbeleving en pijngedrag................................................................................................................................ 45
Het model van Loeser ....................................................................................................................................... 47
Niet-medicamenteuze pijnstilling ..................................................................................................................... 47
Steriel waterinjecties ................................................................................................................................... 48
Acupunctuur ................................................................................................................................................ 48
Acupressuur ................................................................................................................................................. 48
TENS ............................................................................................................................................................. 48
9. Het nageboortetijdperk en de postplacentaire periode ............................................................................. 49
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, De geboorte van de placenta ............................................................................................................................ 49
Begeleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 49
Afwachtend beleid ....................................................................................................................................... 49
Actief beleid ................................................................................................................................................. 50
10. Stolling en wonden.................................................................................................................................. 50
Hemostase (stollingsproces) ............................................................................................................................. 50
Wondgenezing .................................................................................................................................................. 52
Wondbeoordeling ............................................................................................................................................. 53
Wondbehandeling............................................................................................................................................. 54
11. De borstvoeding ...................................................................................................................................... 54
De anatomie van de borst ................................................................................................................................. 54
Mammogonese ................................................................................................................................................. 55
Fysiologie van de borstvoeding ......................................................................................................................... 55
Het doen slagen van borstvoeding.................................................................................................................... 56
12. Anticonceptie .......................................................................................................................................... 58
Anticonceptie soorten ....................................................................................................................................... 58
Anticonceptiepil (combinatiepil) .................................................................................................................. 58
De minipil ..................................................................................................................................................... 58
Anticonceptiepleister ................................................................................................................................... 59
Anticonceptiering ......................................................................................................................................... 59
Anticonceptiestaafje .................................................................................................................................... 59
Condooms .................................................................................................................................................... 59
Hormoonspiraaltje ....................................................................................................................................... 60
Koperspiraaltje ............................................................................................................................................. 60
Pessarium ..................................................................................................................................................... 60
Prikpil ........................................................................................................................................................... 60
Sterilisatie .................................................................................................................................................... 61
LAM methode .............................................................................................................................................. 61
Hormonale anticonceptie.................................................................................................................................. 61
Hormoonvrije anticonceptie ............................................................................................................................. 62
Anticonceptie en borstvoeding ......................................................................................................................... 62
13. De kraamperiode en afsluiting................................................................................................................. 62
ALECOBO ........................................................................................................................................................... 62
Maternale controles.......................................................................................................................................... 64
Fysiologie in het kraambed ............................................................................................................................... 66
Veranderingen in de tractus genitalia .......................................................................................................... 66
Veranderingen in andere orgaansystemen .................................................................................................. 67
Hormonen postpartum ................................................................................................................................ 69
Pathologie in het kraambed.............................................................................................................................. 69
Koorts ........................................................................................................................................................... 69
Genitale infecties ......................................................................................................................................... 69
Infectie van het perineum ............................................................................................................................ 70
Mastitis ........................................................................................................................................................ 70
Abnormaal vaginaal bloedverlies ................................................................................................................. 71
Urineretentie ............................................................................................................................................... 71
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, Urineweginfecties ........................................................................................................................................ 72
Trombose ..................................................................................................................................................... 72
Psychische stoornis ...................................................................................................................................... 73
De nacontrole.................................................................................................................................................... 74
Seksuele responscyclus ..................................................................................................................................... 75
Fysiologische seksuele veranderingen tijdens de zwangerschap en daarna ..................................................... 75
1e trimester .................................................................................................................................................. 75
2de trimester ................................................................................................................................................. 75
3de trimester ................................................................................................................................................. 76
Postpartum .................................................................................................................................................. 76
Hechting en transitie naar ouderschap ............................................................................................................. 76
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