Summary

Sociologie - Samenvatting

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Course
9006TEWBDK

Institution
Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)

Samenvatting Sociologie. Opleiding: schakelprogramma organisatie en management. Academiejaar - eerste semester. Lector: Bart Cambré. Samenvatting van de slides met extra uitleg - toelichting bij grafieken etc.

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Uploaded on November 7, 2022
Number of pages 119
Written in 2020/2021
Type Summary

2020 2021
sociologie
samenvatting
bart cambré
schakelprogramma organisatie en management

Institution
Universiteit Antwerpen (UA)
Education
Schakeljaar Organisatie En Management
Course
9006TEWBDK

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Sociologie
Sociologie ......................................................................................................................... 1

Inleiding ........................................................................................................................... 5

Examen .................................................................................................................................... 5

Deel 1 ............................................................................................................................... 5

1 De ontdekkingstocht door een bekend gebied? Over de eigen aard van de samenleving
5

1.1 Inleiding ........................................................................................................................ 5

1.2 Het dagelijkse leven door de bril van een socioloog ........................................................ 6

1.3 Conclusie ....................................................................................................................... 9

2 De samenleving is een veld van tegengestelde krachten ........................................... 10

2.1 De klassiekers van de sociologie: over kapitalisme........................................................ 10

2.2 Maatschappelijke factoren........................................................................................... 11

2.3 Conclusie ..................................................................................................................... 18

3 Waarmee zijn sociologen bezig? ............................................................................... 19

3.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................... 19

3.2 Brede wetenschappelijke kijk ....................................................................................... 20

3.3 Sociale feiten als bouwsteen van de sociologie ............................................................. 22

3.4 Sociologie ontdekt en verruimt .................................................................................... 23

3.5 Conclusie ..................................................................................................................... 24

4 De ene bril is de andere niet. Van dagelijkse naar wetenschappelijke waarnemeing . 25

4.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................... 25

4.2 Waarnemen is meer dan door het venster kijken.......................................................... 25

4.3 Het breekpunt? ........................................................................................................... 27

4.4 De empirische cyclus.................................................................................................... 30

4.5 Sociologie ‘sociale fysica’ of ‘verstehende’ wetenschap ................................................ 31

Pagina 1

, 4.6 Conclusie ..................................................................................................................... 32

Deel 2 ............................................................................................................................. 32

5 Blokken uit de sociologische blokkendoos................................................................. 32

5.1 Sociologische concepten .............................................................................................. 32

5.2 Interactie en communicatie ......................................................................................... 34

5.3 Sociale relaties en posities, sociale rol en status ........................................................... 36

5.4 De sociale rol ............................................................................................................... 38

5.5 Rolattributen en statussymbolen ................................................................................. 41

5.6 Uitleiding .................................................................................................................... 42

6 Een netwerk is geen groep ....................................................................................... 42

6.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................... 42

6.2 Sociale netwerken ....................................................................................................... 43

6.3 Groepen ...................................................................................................................... 46

6.4 Referentiegroepen....................................................................................................... 49

6.5 Groepen tussen conflict en solidariteit ......................................................................... 51

6.6 Utitleiding ................................................................................................................... 52

7 Moderne samenlevingen zijn altijd multicultureel..................................................... 52

7.1 Door de ogen van anderen ........................................................................................... 53

7.2 Waarvoor staat cultuur? .............................................................................................. 53

7.3 Cultuur met een grote en met een kleine c ................................................................... 53

7.4 Wat is cultuur .............................................................................................................. 54

7.5 De ene cultuur is de andere niet................................................................................... 57

7.6 Cultuur en beschaving.................................................................................................. 59

7.7 Instituties en institutionering ....................................................................................... 60

7.8 Het gezin: primaire groep én institutie ......................................................................... 60

7.9 Desinstutionalisering ................................................................................................... 62

Pagina 2

, 7.10 Conclusie ..................................................................................................................... 63

8 Levenslang leren – om in het gareel te lopen ............................................................ 63

8.1 The Marshmallow Experiment – Instant Gratification en nature/nurture ...................... 64

8.2 Socialisatie en haar functies ......................................................................................... 64

8.3 Socialisatie: primair, secundair en tertiair..................................................................... 65

8.4 Conformisme: gedrag zoals het ‘hoort’ ......................................................................... 66

8.5 Sociale controle en sociale sancties .............................................................................. 68

8.6 Deviantie..................................................................................................................... 69

9 Organisaties ............................................................................................................ 70

9.1 Organisatie of organiseren ........................................................................................... 70

9.2 Diverse organisatieparadigma’s ................................................................................... 72

9.3 Van associatie tot bureaucratie .................................................................................... 73

9.4 Doelen, middelen en omgeving van de organisatie ....................................................... 76

9.5 Organisatiekenmerken ................................................................................................ 79

9.6 Bronnen voor organisatiecultuur? Stabiel? ................................................................... 84

9.7 Conclusie ..................................................................................................................... 84

Deel 3: Sociale ongelijkheid en sociale klassen................................................................. 85

10 Ongelijkheid in alle tijden ..................................................................................... 85

10.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................... 85

10.2 Verscheidenheid en ongelijkheid: een raamwerk .......................................................... 87

10.3 Breuklijnen brengen ons nog een stap verder ............................................................... 88

10.4 Vier soorten van sociale verschillen .............................................................................. 89

10.5 De inkomensongelijkheid: van Pen tot Piketty .............................................................. 91

10.6 Collectieve vormen van ongelijkheid ............................................................................ 91

10.7 Standen, kasten en klassen .......................................................................................... 92

10.8 Sociale mobiliteit ......................................................................................................... 94

Pagina 3

, 10.9 Over beïnvloeding, gezag en macht .............................................................................. 95

10.10 Conclusie ................................................................................................................. 99

Deel 4: Maatschappelijke veranderingen......................................................................... 99

13 Ook een film is een opeenvolging van stills ........................................................... 99

13.1 De samenleving: spanning tussen stabiliteit en verandering ......................................... 99

13.2 Denken in dichotomieën ............................................................................................ 100

13.3 Denken in meervoud ................................................................................................. 101

13.4 Endogene en exogene factoren .................................................................................. 102

13.5 Niveaus van sociale verandering ................................................................................ 102

13.6 Modernisering ........................................................................................................... 103

13.7 Structurele differentiatie ........................................................................................... 104

13.8 Rationalisering (cultureel vlak) ................................................................................... 104

13.9 Individualisering (persoonlijk vlak) ............................................................................. 105

13.10 Domesticering (natuur lijk vlak) .............................................................................. 106

13.11 Conclusie modernisering ........................................................................................ 107

13.12 Wat de toekomst brengt ........................................................................................ 107

13.13 Conclusie ............................................................................................................... 108

14 De toestand vandaag: voorzetting van het verleden of bruuske breuken? ........... 108

14.1 De toename van het welvaartspel en markante demografische ontwikkelingen .......... 109

14.2 Technologische ontwikkelingen en economische herstructurering .............................. 110

14.3 Globalisering en het nieuwe belang van grenzen ........................................................ 112

14.4 Voortschrijdende individualisering ............................................................................. 114

14.5 Een kapitalistische, postindustriële, postmodere en/of risicomaatschappij?................ 115

14.6 Van verzorgingsstaat naar participatiesamenleving?................................................... 117

14.7 Van diversiteit via superdiversiteit naar hyperdiversiteit? .......................................... 117

14.8 Conslusie ................................................................................................................... 118

15 Conclusie cursus.................................................................................................. 118

Pagina 4

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