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essay unit 12a diseases and infection btec applied science
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BTEC
PEARSON (PEARSON)
Applied Science 2016 NQF
Unit 12 - Diseases and Infections
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Unit 12A Diseases and Infection - BTEC applied science
Learning aim, A: Investigate different types of diseases and infections that can affect
humans A1 Pathogens and infectious diseases
A.P1 Explain the characteristics of the five main types of pathogens and a disease caused by
each.
• Pathogens – types and characteristics, life cycle and actions:
The five types of pathogens are bacteria, parasites, viruses, fungi and protozoa.
Bacteria are pathogens that are prokaryotic, it lacks cell nucleus and other cell parts and are
less complex compared to other organisms. Bacteria reproduces quickly and cause damage to
human cell when it enters the human body because it produces toxins. It causes disease such
as tuberculosis, strep throat, urinary tract infections
Bacteria
Parasites are organisms that either live in or on another organism. It lives on the organism of
another species and feeds on the other organism at their expense. Examples of parasites are
round worms, tape worms and flukes. These are passed it human when people take water that
has been contaminated. The diseases cause by parasites are trichomoniasis, giardiasis and
toxoplasmosis.
Endoparasites
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, The are two types of parasites endoparasites live inside the hosts for example hook worms
and ectoparasites live on the surface of another organism or individual.
Viruses are pathogens that takes over the cells of another organism or host. It takes control of
the metabolism. It replicates when it gets inside the cell of another organism. It infects all
types of life form plants and animals. It can infect different forms of living organisms and it
causes disease in them. The disease caused by viruses are HIV and common cold, flu
Virus
Fungi are a member of a group of organisms call eukaryotic, examples of such organism are
yeasts and molds, fungi are ectoparasitic because they live on the surface of another
organism. The disease cause by fungi are nail infections, candidiasis.
Fungi
Protozoa are pathogens that causes infectious diseases such as malaria, giardia and sleeping
sickness, they produce toxins that damages the cells of another organism such has humans.
Protozoa is a parasitic in nature that can multiply in human beings and cause disease. The
diseases caused by protozoa are malaria, sleeping sickness.
Protozoa
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