Beïnvloeden en veranderen
van gedrag
Gedragsverandering
Inhoudsopgave
Deel 1 – waarom doe je wat je doet.......................................................................................................4
Hoofdstuk 1; Denken in termen van nuture.......................................................................................4
1.1 Mensenbeelden........................................................................................................................4
1.2 Impliciete theorieën; Incremental versus Entity Theories........................................................4
1.3 In hoeverre zijn eigenschappen en gedrag beïnvloedbaar.......................................................4
1.3.1 lichamelijke kenmerken en prestaties...................................................................................4
1.3.2 persoonlijkheid......................................................................................................................4
1.3.3 cognitieve capaciteiten en prestaties....................................................................................4
Hoofdstuk 2; Leren.................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Een aanpassingsproces aan de omgeving.....................................................................................5
2.2 klassieke conditionering – Ivan Pavlov..........................................................................................5
2.3 operante conditionering – Burrhus Skinner..................................................................................5
2.4 sociaal leren – Alberto Bandura....................................................................................................5
2.4.1 het onbewust kopiëren van gedrag.......................................................................................6
2.4.2 het bewust kopiëren van gedrag...........................................................................................6
2.5 Cognitief leren – Jean Piaget.........................................................................................................6
2.5.1 de cognitieve psychologie......................................................................................................6
2.5.2 de invloed van concepten......................................................................................................6
2.5.3 het geheugen.........................................................................................................................6
BOX 2.4 leren en de temporale hersenkwabben............................................................................7
2.5.4 onbewust leren......................................................................................................................7
Hoofstuk 3; Behoeften, doelen en de theorie van het geplande gedrag................................................8
3.2 Behoeften.........................................................................................................................................8
3.3 Doelen..........................................................................................................................................8
3.4 Verschillen tussen behoeften en doelen.......................................................................................8
3.5 De theorie van het geplande gedrag.............................................................................................9
3.5.1 attituden................................................................................................................................9
3.5.2 sociale invloed.......................................................................................................................9
3.5.3 waargenomen gedragscontrole.............................................................................................9
,Deel 2 – het veranderen van je eigen gedrag.......................................................................................10
Hoofdstuk 4; Zelfregulatie, wat is dat?.............................................................................................10
4.1 Een definitie van zelfregulatie....................................................................................................10
4.2 Zelfregulatie en de hersenen......................................................................................................10
4.2.1 de dorsale prefrontale cortex..............................................................................................10
4.2.2 de ventromediale prefrontale cortex...................................................................................10
4.2.3 de cortex cingularis anterior orbitofrontal ..........................................................................10
4.3 De ontwikkeling van zelfregulatie...............................................................................................11
4.4 Randvoorwaarden......................................................................................................................11
Hoofstuk 5; Zelfregulatie, het proces...................................................................................................12
5.1 Het stellen van concrete doelen.................................................................................................12
5.2 Het stellen van irrealistische doelen...........................................................................................12
5.3 Het opstellen van haalbare planningen......................................................................................12
5.4 De uitvoering van de planning....................................................................................................12
5.4.1 wanneer kom je in actie.......................................................................................................12
5.4.2 procesbewaking...................................................................................................................12
5.5 Het bijsturen van gedrag............................................................................................................13
5.5.1 gedrag aanpassen aan de standaard....................................................................................13
5.5.2 de standaard aanpassen aan het gedrag.............................................................................13
5.5.3 het verminderen van het zelfbewustzijn.............................................................................13
5.6 Zelfregulatie; hoe vergroot je de kans op succes........................................................................13
Hoofdstuk 6 – Synthese; zelfregulatie in de praktijk.............................................................................14
Deel 3 – het beïnvloeden van het gedrag van anderen........................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 7; De beïnvloeder................................................................................................................15
7.1 Invloedrijke personen.................................................................................................................15
7.2 Macht, invloed en de beïnvloeder..............................................................................................15
7.3 Kenmerken van beïnvloeders.....................................................................................................15
7.3.1 sociale invloed; bronkenmerken..........................................................................................15
7.3.2 leiderschap; kenmerken van leiders....................................................................................15
7.4 Wanneer welke beïnvloeder of leider?.......................................................................................16
Hoofdstuk 8 – Het beïnvloeden van gedrag..........................................................................................17
8.2. het opstellen van een interventie..............................................................................................17
8.3 Beïnvloeding; het trekken van de aandacht...............................................................................17
8.4 Beïnvloeding; het overbrengen van de boodschap........................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 9 – Synthese; gedragsbeïnvloeding in de praktijk...............................................................19
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