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Summary Advanced Technology
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Summary of Advanced Technology for MA1 Business Engineering at the VUB.
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Advanced TechnologyAim of the course:
• To illustrate old and new technologies.
• To provide a basic understanding of the parameters related to new technologies such
as reliability, availability, safety, and risk.
• To be informed about European legislation and standards, about product testing and
counterfeiting of products.
• To be informed about how to protect your advanced technology.
• To indicate the impact of existing, new, and advanced technologies on our society.
• To be informed about the consequences of technology (global warming) and how we
can reduce their impact.
• To illustrate some new technologies and their emerging risks.
Chapter 1: Introducing Advanced Technology:
Aim of the chapter:
• To define advanced technology
• To illustrate technology in general and advanced technology in particular
• To show the evolution and integration of existing and new technologies
• To discuss the constraints of technology
Contents of this chapter:
• What is Advanced Technology?
• Some examples of Technology
• Some consequences of Technology
What is Advanced Technology?
Advanced Technology normally consists of a number of advanced engineering courses such as:
o Advanced Design
o Advanced Numerical Techniques
o Advanced Fluid Dynamics, …
ð Emphasis lies on the innovative, creative, and advanced character.
Our approach to Advanced Technology:
• Purpose is to give a good view on technology
• Advanced or not, goal is first of all to understand how they work, to estimate their LCC
(Life-Cycle Cost) and to look at their risks on local and global level
• This chapter shows the history and evolution of Technology illustrated by some
examples of Technology and Advanced Technology
1
,Industrial Revolutions:
“The First Industrial Revolution used water and steam power to mechanize production. The
Second used electric power to create mass production. The Third used electronics and
information technology to automate production. Now, a Fourth Industrial Revolution is
building on the Third, the digital revolution that has been occurring since the middle of the last
century. It is characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the
physical, digital, and biological spheres.”
Faster technological growth:
ð Each of these inventions exists of multiple parts & components themselves. We
can barely keep up with the pace of inventions and technology advancements
which grow in an exponential manner nowadays.
The First Industrial Revolution – Water & Steam:
ð Steam engine by James Watt in 1779. It is the first type of steam engine to make use of
steam at a pressure just above atmospheric pressure to drive a piston with the help of
a partial vacuum.
2
, ð Industrial revolution began (R.B. Grover & Company, 1905):
o High growth brought new hazards & risks; the collapse of R.B. Grover &
Company (in 1905 – thus at the beginning of the industrial revolution) was one
the first severe accidents. It is also called the Grover Shoe Factory disaster, an
industrial explosion causing the building to collapse and starting a fire that killed
58 people and injured 150 when it leveled the R. B. Grover shoe factory in
Brockton, Massachusetts on March 20, 1905. Following a boiler explosion, the
four-story wooden building collapsed, and the ruins burst into flames,
incinerating workers trapped in the wreckage.
The Second Industrial Revolution – Mass Production:
ð Mass production of cars (Ford Model T) + Black because black paint dries faster
ð Industrial mixer (electricity + mechanical energy)
ð Piston engine (in reality much more complex)
TDI Engine:
Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) is a major breakthrough in engine technology that helps
crank out more power while expending less fuel and producing less emissions.
ð As the title “Turbocharged Direct Injection” suggests, the magic behind the TDI engine
is in the combination of turbocharging and cylinder-direct fuel injection.
ð Fuel needs oxygen to burn, so a turbocharger increases an engine’s efficiency and
power output by squeezing more air into the cylinders. After the air has been drawn
through the turbocharger, it is cooled by passing it through an air-to-air intercooler, as
cooling the air causes it to take up less space. The air then enters the combustion
chamber. Here, diesel is injected directly into the cylinders through a nozzle at an
extremely high pressure, which breaks it down to a very fine mist. It’s this combination
of highly atomized fuel and cooled, compressed air that is to thank for more efficient
combustion.
Exploded view of a car:
3
, All disciplines are necessary for this integration:
The Third Industrial Revolution – First Integration:
Mechatronics:
Typical Applications:
4
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