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Samenvatting Engels Literatuur en Poëzie - HAVO 5 $7.00   Add to cart

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Samenvatting Engels Literatuur en Poëzie - HAVO 5

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Literary terms short story Literary terms poetry Poem: Sonnet 130 - William Shakespeare Poem: Annabel Lee - Edgar Allan Poe Poem: Refugee blues - W.H. Auden Shakespeare and all that Romeo and Juliet Macbeth Hamlet

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  • November 16, 2022
  • 16
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
  • Secondary school
  • 5
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ENGLISH LITERATURE
POËZIE EN LITERATUUR




LITERARY TERMS: SHORT STORY

Genre = a form or category of literature (comedy, thriller, action).

Theme = a term used in different ways:

 For the main idea of a work of literature.
 An idea which a work explores.
 An argument that a work advances.
 It can be identified in a complete sentence, a noun phrase, or a single word (power).

Protagonist = main character.

Antagonist = a character (or thing, obstacle) in conflict with the protagonist.

Conflict = the central problem or issue to be resolved in a plot, involving the protagonist struggling
against an antagonist.  Conflict can also refer to the ideas (themes) in a literary work.

Exposition = the revelation (onthulling) (usually early) in a story or play of necessary background
information.

Setting = the location of a story. It may be important in developing character, motivation and
meaning.

Foreshadowing = a hint that is fully understood only in retrospect after the reader discovers more
information later in the plot.  What is going to come later in the story?

Climax = the high point of tension in a plot, when the outcome is decided.

Dénouement = resolution or conclusion: the scene in which a plot reaches its final outcome: the
main conflict is settled.

Irony = it refers to how a person, situation, statement, or circumstance is not as it would seem. 
Many times it is the exact opposite of what it appears to be.

Flat character = a one-dimensional character who has only a few, easily defined traits. Most minor
characters are flat.

Round character = a multi-faceted character, especially one who can choose right or wrong. 
Usually a protagonist. In most short stories there are no more dan one or two round characters.

,LITERARY TERMS: POETRY

Setting = where or when an event or story takes place.  New York, America, in the year 1820.

Theme = a main idea or an underlying meaning in a poem.  Love, jealousy, revenge.

Perspective = a writer may narrate the story from his own perspective, or from a character’s
perspective.

Stanzas = similar to paragraphs in a story or a couplet in a song.

Imagery = visual/ descriptive language. Anything that ignites the senses.

Metaphor = a figure of speech (metafoor).  “A sea of knowledge” to express how smart they are.

Personification = a figure of speech in which a thing (an idea, or an animal) performs human actions.
Non-human objects act like human beings.  “Sometimes the sun smiles, the wind whispers to the
trees, and the shadows of the leaves dance in the wind.”

Hyperbole = a figure of speech that involves an exaggeration of ideas, for the sake of emphasis.
 “That suitcase weighted a ton!”

Rhythm:

 Metre = a sound pattern in a verse; it gives poetry a rhythmical and melodious sound. In a
line are stressed and unstressed syllables.

 Iambic pentameter = daDUM (klap op de tweede lettergreep) (pentameter = 5 klappen in een
regel)

 Triambic pentameter =

Rhyme:

 Rhyme scheme = it is the pattern of rhyme of end words in a poem.  abab, cdcd, efef, gg
 Internal rhyme = in the same sentence.
 End rhyme = at the end of a sentence in the same stanza.

Repetition of sounds:

 Alliteration = a repetition of letters (medeklinkers) with the same sound, at the beginning of
words, within one line.  “Sally Sells Seashells by the Seashore.”

Repetition of words:

 Assonance = two or more words, within one line, repeat the same vowel (=klinker) sound.
 “mEn sEll the wEdding bElls.”

, POEM: SONNET 130 | WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

Lastige woorden:

Dun = A dull grey.

Wires = Refers to gold spun into a golden thread, though his lover’s hair is not golden, but blackish
(dirty).

Damasked = Red and white mixed (so: pink).

Reeks = originally means ‘breathes forth’, but the modern meaning ‘having a bad smell’ is true to
what Shakespeare meant.

Hath= has

Grant = admit

Treads = walks



The plot: She is as rare as any of those women whom poets describe with comparisons that
exaggerate, and thus belie, human beauty.

Shakespearean Sonnet:
 Sonnet is usually a poem about love or ideal beauty
 14 lines, 3x4 lines (3 quatrains) and 1x2 lines (1 couplet)
 Rhyme scheme: abab, cdcd, efef, gg
 Iambic pentameter: Iamb (jambe) = 1 unstressed syllable, followed by a stressed one: da- DUM
Penta=5 (in Greek) so: 10 syllables in one line.

example:
my MIS / tress’ EYES / are NO / thing LIKE / the SUN
After 2 quatrains you usually find the volta, a turn or a change in thought and/or emotion

Analysis
 Poem written in first-person perspective.
 Satirizes traditional sonnets! This lady is NOT a perfect beauty– but he still truly loves her.
 The poet describes his beloved in comparison with, or rather in contrast to, natural
phenomena: Her eyes do not shine like the sun, her lips are not as red as coral, etc.
She is not as beautiful as nature.
 The volta shifts the attention to her voice and how she walks. BUT: he still loves her – and
she’s only human - so not perfect.
 He goes even further: it would make no sense to describe her as godlike – as a human, he has
no experience with goddesses.
 The couplet explains his reasons for writing this: He wants to make no false comparisons
(unlike other sonnet-writers who write about exaggerated perfection): her imperfection does
not diminish his love, perhaps only deepens it.

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