Assessment 1
Introduction to Pharmacology
1. A client asks you about the difference between a generic drug and a trade or brand-name drug. Which of the following are true regarding generic drugs?
a. Have the potential for abuse and dependence
b. Have the same chemical composition as the brand...
Introduction to Pharmacology
1. A client asks you about the difference between a generic drug and
a trade or brand-name drug. Which of the following are true
regarding generic drugs?
a. Have the potential for abuse and dependence
b. Have the same chemical composition as the brand-name
drug c. May have several brand names
d. May have several generic names
e. Are usually less expensive than a brand-name drug
2. Match word to definition
a. Metabolism – the change of a drug into a more or less potent or
more soluble form after it passes through the liver, kidneys,
intestinal mucosa, or other body part
b. Distribution – the movement of a drug by the circulatory system
to its intended site of action
c. Excretion – the removal of the drug or its metabolites through
the kidneys, GI tract, skin, or lungs
d. Absorption – the movement of a drug from the site of
administration into the circulatory system
3. A client with glaucoma asks you about taking oxybutynin, a muscarinic
antagonist, to manage an overactive bladder. You explain that
glaucoma is a contraindication for taking oxybutynin. Primary care
providers should not prescribe contraindicated drugs because of their
potential for which of the following?
a. Serious adverse reactions
b. Drug tolerance – a decreased response to a drug over a period
of time
c. Drug dependence – a physiologic or psychologic need for a drug
d. Interactions with other drugs – an alteration in the expected
pharmacologic action of a drug that results from an interaction
with another drug
4. Match word to definition
a. Trough drug level – the point in time when a drug is at its lowest
level in the body
b. Onset of action – the time it takes for a drug to demonstrate a
therapeutic response
c. Duration of action – the length of time the drug’s therapeutic
effect lasts
d. Peak drug level – the time it takes a drug to demonstrate its full
therapeutic effect
5. You note that a primary care provider prescribed morphine sulfate, an
opioid agonist, to relieve a client’s postoperative pain. Which of the
following actions describes the action of an agonist on a receptor?
a. Destroys the receptor
, b. Competes with the receptor – competitive antagonists
c. Activates the receptor – agonists bind with receptor sites &
activate them to produce a response
d. Blocks the receptor – antagonists block drugs from receptor
sites (blocks drug’s intended action)
6. A client who has a peanut allergy comes to the emergency department
with suspected anaphylactic shock. Which of the following actions
should you anticipate taking? (select all that apply)
a. Initiate oxygen therapy to support respiratory function
b. Administer epinephrine to increase blood pressure
c. Give diphenhydramine to stop histamine release
d. Establish and maintain an open airway to ensure oxygenation
– priority
e. Administer a drug agonist to neutralize the allergic reaction –
elicits an action in the body instead of blocking an action
7. You are talking with a client about taking tetracycline along with an
antacid. You tell the client not to take these two drugs at the same
time because the antacid can reduce the absorption of tetracycline.
When one drug reduces the effect of another drug, it is:
a. An allergic reaction – response to a drug by the release
of histamine causing itching and hives
b. A synergistic effect – drugs that interact, causing greatly
increased or exaggerated effects
c. An antagonistic effect
d. An adverse reaction – nontherapeutic, unintended effects of a
drug occuring at a therapeutic dose
8. Primary care providers prescribe drug dosages for children using which
of the following information? (select all that apply)
a. Body surface area
b. Age
c. Weight
d. Developmental level
e. Drug properties
9. An older client may be at risk for drug toxicity due to which of the
following physiologic changes associated with aging?
a. Reduced hepatic blood flow
b. Increased glomerular filtration rate (decreased in older adults)
c. Reduced body fat (increased in older adults)
d. Increased gastric motility (decreased in older adults – slowed
peristalsis, decreased CO)
10.You are helping a client learn how to give himself an insulin
injection. Which of the following is the best method for evaluating
effective learning?
a. Verbally quiz a family member
b. Instruct the client to complete a written test
c. Have the client demonstrate an insulin injection
, d. Ask the client several key questions about the procedure
11.A nurse is reviewing drugs in a drug reference. The nurse should
identify that drugs in the same class share which of the following
similarities?
a. They have similar mechanisms of actions (as well as assessment
guidelines, interactions, and precautions)
b. They have the same half-life
c. They are administered by the same route
d. They have similar availability
12.A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed an antidepressant
based on its ability to prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitters. The
nurse should identify that which of the following terms describes why
this drug was prescribed for the client?
a. Pharmacologic action – the mechanism of action of a drug on the
body to achieve a desired effect
b. Chemical stability – knowledge of how a drug should be stored
and handled to maintain maximum effectiveness
c. Route – the method of administering the drug
d. Adverse effects – the unintended and undesired effects that
drugs have on the body
13.A nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty remembering to
take their prescribed drug three times each day. The nurse should
identify that which of the following alternate forms of the drug can help
to promote adherence to the prescribed dosage?
a. Liquid suspension – absorption is rapid; taken at frequent
intervals
b. Immediate-release capsule – absorption is rapid; taken at
frequent intervals
c. Extended-release tablet – taken less frequently
d. Powder form – absorption is rapid; taken at frequent intervals
14.A nurse is providing teaching to a pregnant client who is taking
captopril, an ACE inhibitor, to treat hypertension. The nurse informs
the client that captopril is a teratogenic drug. The nurse should explain
that teratogenic drugs can cause which of the following?
a. Maternal bleeding – caused by anticoagulants
b. Maternal blood clots – increased risk by hormonal preparations
c. Gestational diabetes mellitus – caused by hormones
produced during pregnancy blocking the action of insulin
d. Fetal malformation – birth defects
15.A nurse is preparing to administer a drug to a client. In which of the
following sections of a drug handbook should the nurse look to
determine if the drug has more than one use?
a. Adverse effects
b. Indications
c. Pharmacokinetics
d. Nursing implications
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