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Samenvatting Genetica H
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Samenvatting van hoofdstuk 9 uit Concepts of Genetics voor het vak genetica uit het 1e jaar LST en Biologie aan de RUG. Samenvatting over collegestof en leerstof uit het boek.
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Extranuclear inheritanceConcepts of Genetics – Hoofdstuk 9
Extranucleaire overerving overerving via organellen
Uniparentale overerving overerving via één ouder, mitochondriën en
chloroplasten erven maternaal over. De meeste uniparentale overerving gaat via
de moeder, via het ooplasma in eicellen.
Maternaal effect nucleaire genotype van de moeder, niet dat van de
nakomelingen bepaalt het fenotype. Genen worden afgelezen in moeder,
genproducten worden opgeslagen in eicellen en komen tot expressie in de
nakomeling.
Mitochondriale aandoeningen
- Er moet een maternale overerving zijn, geen mendelse.
- De aandoening moet leiden tot een verlies in de bioenergetische functie
van het organel.
- Er moet een mutatie zijn in één of meer mitochrondriale genen.
Mitochondriaal DNA
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