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Samenvatting van de meest voorkomende aandoeningen in de Acute Geneeskunde $7.84
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Samenvatting van de meest voorkomende aandoeningen in de Acute Geneeskunde

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In deze samenvatting worden de meest voorkomende aandoeningen in de acute setting beschreven. Er wordt geschreven over wat de aandoening is, hoe je het kan diagnosticeren, wat de symptomen zijn en de behandeling hiervan. Het gaat om de volgende ziektebeelden: CVA, TIA, Sab, Collaps, Epilepsie, Acut...

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  • November 21, 2022
  • 29
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary
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Samenvatting acuut



Inhoud
1. CVA ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Tia (Transient Ischemic Attack) ....................................................................................................... 5
3. Subarachnoïdale bloeding (SAB) ..................................................................................................... 5
4. Collaps ............................................................................................................................................. 6
5. Epilepsie........................................................................................................................................... 7
6. Acute hoofdpijn .................................................................................................................................. 8
7. Bacteriële Meningitis ........................................................................................................................... 9
8. Sinustrombose ................................................................................................................................... 10
9. Basilaris trombose ............................................................................................................................. 10
10. Opfrissen schedel ............................................................................................................................ 11
............................................................................................................................................................... 11
11. Intracraniële drukverhoging ............................................................................................................ 11
11.2 Triade van Cushing .................................................................................................................... 12
12. Pupilafwijkingen .............................................................................................................................. 12
13. Primair / Secundair hersenletsel ..................................................................................................... 12
14. Commotio Cerebri ........................................................................................................................... 13
15. Postcommotioneel syndroom (PCS) ................................................................................................ 13
16. Contusio Cerebri .............................................................................................................................. 14
17. Schedelbasisfractuur ....................................................................................................................... 14
18. Schedelfracturen ............................................................................................................................. 14
19. Brandwonden en wondverzorging .................................................................................................. 15
20. Extremiteiten .................................................................................................................................. 18
20.1 Vaatletsel ................................................................................................................................... 18
20.1.2 Complicaties ........................................................................................................................... 18
21. Fracturen bovenste extremiteiten .................................................................................................. 19
22. Fracturen onderste extremiteiten................................................................................................... 19
22.2 Fracturen bij kinderen ............................................................................................................... 20
23. Contusie, distorsie en luxatie .......................................................................................................... 21
24. Behandeling extremiteit trauma ..................................................................................................... 21
25. Pees- / bandletsel ............................................................................................................................ 22
26. Brandwonden .................................................................................................................................. 22
26.1 Airway & Cervicale immobilisatie ............................................................................................. 23

, 26.2 Breathing ................................................................................................................................... 24
26.3 Circulation ................................................................................................................................. 24
26.4 Disability .................................................................................................................................... 24
26.5 Exposure & Environment........................................................................................................... 24
26.5.1 Oppervlakte ........................................................................................................................ 25
27. Fluids................................................................................................................................................ 26
28. Brandwondencentrum .................................................................................................................... 26
29. Wondbehandeling ........................................................................................................................... 26
30. Complicaties .................................................................................................................................... 27
31. MMT ................................................................................................................................................ 28




2

, 1. CVA
Je hebt twee soorten CVA’s;

1. Ischemisch CVA
Hierbij word een bloedvat volledig afgesloten en de doorbloeding
wordt gestaakt
2. Hemorragisch CVA
Hier vind er een bloeding plaaats




‘De cirkel van Willis’
De cirkel van Willis is een vaatkring van slagaders die de hersenen van bloed voorzien. De
cirkel werkt als een soort beveiligingsmechanisme. Indien namelijk een deel van de cirkel van
Willis afgesloten raakt, bijvoorbeeld door atherosclerose, is de bloedvoorziening via de andere
weg gewaarborgd.[6] De bloedvoorziening van de grote hersenen is hierdoor meestal voldoende
om ischemie te voorkomen

1.1 Ischemisch CVA (Infarct)
Oorzaak
 Focale ischemie hersenen tgv embolieën afkomstig vanuit het hart of
aanvoerende arteriën.
 Arterie dissectie
 Cerebrale vasculitis
 Verhoogde stollingsneiging
 Veneuze sinustrombose ( = Blokkade van de afvoer ipv toevoer)
Symptomen
 Verschillen per aangedane lichaamshelft
Arteria carotis interna (Li of re) Vertebrobasilair
Contralaterale hemiparese Parese in 1 of beide lichaamshelften
Contralaterale sensibiliteitstoornis Sensibiliteitsstoornis in 1 of beide
lichaamshelften
Homonieme hemianopsie Homonieme hemianopsia
Neglect (= Gevolg van hersenbeschadiging. Combinaties van;
Hierbij wordt stelselmatig één lichaamshelft of -Vertigo ((draai-)duizeligheid)
een deel van de ruimte om iemand heen -Dysarthrie (Spraakstoornis)
verwaarloosd) -Diplopie (Dubbelzien)
-Dysfagie (Slikstoornis)
-Afaxie
Dysarthrie
Amaurosis fugax (Vluchtige blindheid)
Afasie




3

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