ATI PN CAPSTONE EXAM 1 () – VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

ATI PN CAPSTONE EXAM 1 (2022/2023) – VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1. If a male client experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) that damaged the hypothalamus, the nurse anticipate that the client has problems with: a. Body temperature control. b. Balance and equilibrium c. Visual acuity d. Thinking and reasoning 2. A female client admitted to an acute care facility after a car accident develops signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The client is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation to help reduce ICP. To prevent a further rise in ICP caused by suctioning, the nurse anticipates administering which drug endotracheal before suctioning? a. Phenytoin (Dilantin) b. Mannitol (Osmitrol) c. Lidocaine (Xylocaine) d. Furosemide (Lasix) 3. After striking his head on a tree while falling from a ladder, a young man age 18 is admitted to the emergency department. He’s unconscious and his pupils are nonreactive. Which intervention would be the most dangerous for the client? a. Give him a barbiturate b. Place him a mechanical ventilation c. Perform a lumbar puncture d. Elevate the head of his bed 4. When obtaining the health history from a male client with retinal detachment, the nurse expects the client to report: a. Light flashed and floaters in front of the eye b. A recent driving accident while changing lanes c. Headaches, nausea, and redness of the eyes d. Frequent episodes of double vision 5. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with Parkinson’s crisis? a. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements b. Ineffective airway clearance c. Impaired urinary elimination d. Risk for injury 6. To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a female client with Alzheimer’s disease, the nurse should: a. Stay with the client and encourage him to eat b. Help the client fill out his menu c. Give the client privacy during meals d. Fill out the menu for the client 7. The nurse is performing a mental status examination on a male client diagnosed with subdural hematoma. This test assesses which of the following? a. Cerebellar function b. Intellectual function c. Cerebral function d. Sensory function 8. Shortly after admission to an acute care facility, a male client with a seizure disorder develop status epilepticus. The physician orders diazepam (Valium) 10 mg I.V. stat. How soon can the nurse administer a second dose of diazepam, if needed and prescribed? a. In 30 to 45 seconds b. In 10 to 15 minutes c. In 30 to 45 minutes d. In 1 to 2 hours 9. A female complains of periorbital aching, tearing, blurred vision, and photophobia in her right eye. Ophthalmologic examination reveals a small, irregular, nonreactive pupil - a condition resulting from acute iris inflammation (iritis). As part of the client’s therapeutic regimen, the physician prescribes atropine sulfate (Atropisol), two drops of 0.5% solution in the right eye twice daily. Atropine Sulfate belongs to which drug classification? a. Para sympathomimetic agent b. Sympatholytic agent c. Adrenergic blocker d. Cholinergic blocker 10. Emergency medical technicians transport a 27-year-old iron worker to the emergency department. They tell the nurse, “He fell from a two story building. He has a large contusion on his left chest and a hematoma on the left parietal area. He has a compound fracture of his left femur and he’s oximeter with a manual-resuscitation bag.” Which intervention by the nurse has the highest priority? a. Assessing the left leg b. Assessing the pupils c. Placing the client in Trendelenburg’s position d. Assessing level of consciousness 11. An auto mechanic accidentally has battery acid splashed in his eyes. His coworkers irrigate his eyes with water for 20 minutes, and then take him to emergency department of a nearby hospital, where he received emergency care for corneal injury. The physician prescribes dexamethasone (Maxidex Ophthalmic Suspension), two drops of 0.1% solution to be instilled initially into the conjunctival sacs of both eyes every hour; and polymycin B sulfate (Neosporin Ophthalmic), 0.5% ointment to be places in the conjunctival sacs of both eyes every 3 hours. Dexamethasone exerts its therapeutic effect by: a. Increasing the exudative reaction of ocular tissue b. Decreasing leukocyte infiltration at the site of ocular inflammation c. Inhibiting the action of carbonic anhydrase d. Producing a miotic reaction by stimulation and contraction the sphincter muscles of the iris. 12. Nurse April is caring for a client who under a lumbar laminectomy 2 days ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse consider abnormal? a. More back pain than the first postoperative day b. Paresthesia in the dermatomes near the wounds c. Urine retention or incontinence d. Temperature of 99.2F (37.3C) 13. After an eye examination, a male client is diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. The Physician prescribes pilocarpine ophthalmic solution (Pilocar), 0.25% gtt I, OU QID. based on this prescription, the nurse should teach the client or a family member to administer the drug by: a. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into both eyes daily. b. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into both eyes four times a daily c. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into the right eye daily d. Instilling one drop of pilocarpine 0.25% into the left eye four times daily 14. A female client who’s paralyzed on the left side has been receiving physical therapy and attending teaching sessions about safety. Which behavior indicates that the client accurately understands safety measures related to paralysis? a. The client leaves the side rails down b. The client uses a mirror to inspect the skin c. The client repositions only after being reminded to do so. d. The client hangs the left arm over the side of the wheelchair 15. A male client in the emergency department has a suspected neurologic disorder. To assess gait, the nurse asks the client to take a few steps; with each step, the client’s feet make a half circle. To document the client’s gait, the nurse should use which term? a. Ataxic b. Dystrophic c. Helicopod d. Steppage 16. A client, age 22, is admitted with bacterial meningitis. Which hospital room would be the best choice for this client? a. A private room down the hall from the nurses’ station b. An isolation room three doors from the nurses’ station c. A semiprivate room with a 32-year-old client who has viral meningitis d. A two-bed room with a client who previously had bacterial meningitis 17. A physician diagnoses a client with myasthenia gravis, prescribing pyridostimine (Mestinon), 60 mg P.O. every 3 hours. Before administering this anticholinesterase agent, the nurse reviews the client’s history. Which preexisting condition would contraindicate the use of pyridostigmine? a. Ulcerative colitis b. Blood dyscrasia c. Intestinal obstruction d. Spinal cord injury 18. Select the member of the healthcare team that is paired with one of the main functions of this team member. a. Occupational therapist: Gait exercises b. Physical therapist: The provision of assistive devices to facilitate the activities of daily living c. Speech and language therapist: The treatment of swallowing disorders d. Case manager: ordering medication and treatments 19. Failing health, malnutrition, and wasting as a result of chronic diseases are all associated with: a. Surgical asepsis b. Catabolism c. Cachexia d. Venous stasis 20. Select all the possible opportunistic infections that adversely affect HIV/AIDS infected patients. a. Visual losses b. Kaposi’s sarcoma c. Wilms’ sarcoma d. Tuberculosis e. Peripheral neuropathy f. Toxoplasma gondii 21. What can help reduce a patient’s anxiety and postsurgical pain? a. Preoperative teaching b. Preoperative checklist c. Psychological counseling d. Preoperative medication 22. Which disease decreases the metabolic rate? a. Cancer b. Hypothyroidism c. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease d. Cardia failure 23. When caring for an infant during cardiac arrest, which pulse must be palpated to determine cardiac function? a. Carotid b. Brachial c. Pedal d. Radial 24. The patent should be sitting when deep breathing and coughing because this position: a. Is physically more comfortable for the patient b. Helps the patient to support their incision with a pillow c. Loosen respiratory secretions d. Allows the patient to observe their area and relax 25. The primary difference between practical nursing licensure and a nursing certification in an area of practice is that nursing licensure is: a. Insures competency and a nursing certification validates years of experience b. Mandated by the American nurses Association and a nursing certification are not. c. Is legally mandated by the state and a nursing certification is not d. Renewed every two years and a nursing certification is renewed every five years. 26. What intervention is the best to relieve constipation during pregnancy? a. Increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables b. Taking a mild over the counter laxative c. Lying flat on back when sleeping d. Reduction of iron intake by half or more 27. The embryonic period during pregnancy takes place from: a. Weeks 1 to 12 b. Weeks 1 to 10 c. Weeks 3 to 5 d. Weeks 6 to 10 28. Place these human needs in order from the greatest priority to the least priority using #1 as the greatest priority and #5 as the least of all in terms of priority. a. Self-esteem and esteem by others 4 b. Self-actualization 5 c. Psychological needs 2 d. Love and belonging 3 e. Physiological needs 1 29. During which week does the fetal heart begin pumping its own blood? week a. 3rd b. 5th week c. 9th week d. 6th week 30. Which of the following is a vector of infection? a. A contaminated ball b. A contaminated thermometer c. An infected person d. An infectious fly 31. Which oral disorder appears as a yellow of white spots on the oral mucosa that are not possible to scrape off without bleeding? a. Herpes simplex b. Candidiasis c. Alphthous ulcers d. Leukoplakia 32. Which type of cancer has the poorest prognosis? a. Squamous cell carcinoma b. Breast cancer c. Pancreatic cancer d. Gastric cancer 33. A cesarean mode of delivery, often utilized for various reasons, is the most common mode for females with which pelvic type? a. Android b. Anthropoid c. Gynecoid d. Platypelloid 34. How many bones make up a newborn’s skull? a. 8 b. 4 c. 6 d. 5 35. You have been asked to speak at a new nursing assistants’ orientation class about infection control and handwashing techniques. What would you include in this teaching? a. Demonstrate the correct one minute handwashing procedure using soap and running water b. Demonstrate the correct 2 minute handwashing procedure using soap and running water c. Using hot water so that the natural fats on the skins are emulsified with the soap d. Using cold water so that the natural fats on the skin are emulsified with the soap 36. How many minims are contained in 1 milliliter? a. Between 10-11 b. 12 c. 20 d. between 15 or 16 37. Periwound macerations occurs when: a. the skin around the wound softens and is damaged b. selecting a dressing individualized to the type of wound c. negative-pressure to “air out” the wound is used d. the skin around the wound dries out and hardens 38. Which patient is at greatest risk for cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis? a. A 70 year old male patient who has liver disease b. A 70 year old female patient who has liver disease c. A 50 years old male patient who is Asian d. A 50 year female patient who is Asian 39. Select the method of special precautions that is accurately paired with the personal protective equipment that s minimally required in order to prevent the spread of infection a. Contact precautions: gowns, gloves, and ask b. Droplet precautions: face mask c. Airborne transmission precautions: negative pressure room d. Contact precautions: gloves 40. Which statement about Meniere’s disease is accurate and true? a. Meniere’s disease most commonly occurs among members of the elderly population b. Meniere’s disease is insidious and it always affects both ears c. Meniere’s disease occurs with an impairment of the second cranial nerve d. Antiemetic drugs are used for the treatment of patients affected with Meniere’s disease