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Introducción a la sismología
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En este documento se presentan los conocimientos básicos respecto a la sismología, se muestran los tipos de onda, etc.
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Ingeniería SísmicaEspectros de respuesta elástica
2do semestre, 2022
®Prof. Pablo Alcaíno R
pablo.alcainor@mail.udp.cl
,Integración numérica y registros sísmicos
• Vibración forzada de un SDOFs
u
p(t)
m 𝑝(𝑡)ൗ
𝑚𝑢ሷ + 𝑐𝑢ሶ + 𝑘𝑢 = 𝑝(𝑡) ↔ 𝑢ሷ + 2𝜆𝜔𝑢ሶ + 𝜔2 𝑢 =
k, λ
• Sismo: ¿Vibración forzada de un SDOFs?
u
𝑥−𝑢 =𝑦 𝑥ሶ − 𝑢ሶ = 𝑦ሶ 𝑥ሷ − 𝑢ሷ = 𝑦ሷ
x
m
−𝑐 𝑢ሶ − 𝑘𝑢 = 𝑚𝑥ሷ = 𝑚 𝑦ሷ + 𝑢ሷ ↔ 𝑢ሷ + 2𝜆𝜔𝑢ሶ + 𝜔2 𝑢
k, λ
El sismo es equivalente a una fuerza 𝑝 𝑡 = −𝑚𝑦ሷ 𝑡
¡Por eso los registros de aceleración del suelos son tan imp
y
, Integración numérica y registros sísmicos
Acelerómetro o acelerógrafo Sismómetro o sismógrafo
Acelerómetros SARA (izquierda) y KINEMETRICS - (derecha). PUCV
Sism
• Registro discreto de aceleración en • Registro discreto de desplazam
el tiempo [𝑡, 𝑦(𝑡)]
ሷ en el tiempo [𝑡, 𝑦(𝑡)]
• Aceleración discreta integrable: se • Desplazamiento discreto no
puede obtener 𝑡, 𝑦ሶ 𝑡 ; 𝑡, 𝑦 𝑡 derivable
, Integración numérica y registros sísmicos
• Registros sísmicos
Tiempo (s) Aceración (g) Tiempo (s) Aceración (g)
0.000 0.000000 0.130 -0.001030
0.005 -0.000051 0.135 -0.001059
0.010 -0.000100 0.140 -0.001086
0.015 -0.000149 0.145 -0.001113
0.020 -0.000197 0.150 -0.001139
0.025 -0.000244 0.155 -0.001164
0.030 -0.000290 0.160 -0.001189
0.035 -0.000335 0.165 -0.001212
0.040 -0.000380 0.170 -0.001235
0.045 -0.000423 0.175 -0.001257
0.050 -0.000466 0.180 -0.001279
0.055 -0.000507 0.185 -0.001299
0.060 -0.000548 0.190 -0.001319
0.065 -0.000588 0.195 -0.001338
0.070 -0.000627 0.200 -0.001357
0.075 -0.000665 0.205 -0.001375
0.080 -0.000703 0.210 -0.001392
0.085 -0.000739 0.215 -0.001408
0.090 -0.000775 0.220 -0.001424
0.095 -0.000810 0.225 -0.001438
0.100 -0.000844 0.230 -0.001453
0.105 -0.000877 0.235 -0.001466
0.110 -0.000909 0.240 -0.001479
0.115 -0.000941 0.245 -0.001491
0.120 -0.000971 0.250 -0.001503
0.125 -0.001001 0.255 -0.001513
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