These notes cover the content of AC 1.3 for Unit 1 (changing awareness of crime) in Criminology (WJEC). Each topic has the structure outlined and concise notes for what is needed to achieve an A in this subject. Perfect for last minute revision :)
AC1.3 – Consequences of Unreported Crime
Name of unreported Definition/explanation Example Consequence?
crime
Ripple Effect - Impact spreads beyond initial victim - Domestic Abuse – children who witness it - Negative consequence –
to their family, friends, and in the home feel it is socially acceptable, Results in an increase of crime
community will continue to commit crime due to cycle of offending
- Can also affect those who witness the - Stephen Lawrence case – Murdered at - Increase in dark figure of crime
crime emotionally bus stop due to race as when normalised people
- Instilled fear in ethnic minority groups in don’t report
the community as his friend who survived - Secondary victimisation – other
- Burglaries – local neighbours will be people are affected
afraid
Police Prioritisation - Police will be unaware of the crime - Social Media hate crimes – Adam Pearson - Negative consequence – Dark
- Will dedicate less resources and time didn’t report online hate as he believed figure of crime increases as
to stop the crime police wouldn’t do anything police are unaware
- Budget cuts – police must be stricter in - Creates a false sense of
which crimes they prioritise security
Cultural Consequences - Crimes such as FGM and forced - Kristy Bamu case – murdered at 15 by his - Negative consequence – may
marriage are allowed in certain sister and her boyfriend, they thought he become normalise in other
cultures was involved with witchcraft countries where they weren’t
- These crimes are then normalised - They were socialised into thinking it was previously
culturally acceptable
Unrecorded Crime - Unrecorded crimes are not shown in - Domestic abuse – victims may not report - Negative consequence – gives
statistics which leads to police believing it isn’t an public false sense of security as
- Investigation into alleged crime is issue they are unaware crime is
unlikely to happen, offender won’t be - 3/4s of domestic abuse accusations are happening
punished dropped
Cultural Change - Broken Windows Theory – Wilson and - Crimes are unrecognised – more people - Negative consequence – makes
Kelling say when a crime is committed commit them, and people don’t want to crime seem acceptable in
in an area and unreported, more interfere society
crimes take place - EG – illegally downloading music is now - Continues affecting people
- EG – Prostitution and illegal drug use normalised and isn’t reported
Decriminalisation - Laws can become altered when they - Abortion was decriminalised in the UK - Positive as these crimes
are no longer imposed, criminal due to the Abortion Act 1967 as normally aren’t deviant
sanctions are changed dangerous abortions were increasing - Those who commit the crime
- Often decriminalised due to disinterest aren’t imprisoned as it’s not
deviant
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