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Samenvatting Handels- en economisch recht Handelswetenschappen
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Samenvatting Handels- en economisch recht Handelswetenschappen
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Handels- en economisch recht -Handelswetenschappen
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Hoofdstuk 1: Situering van het handels- economisch en ondernemingsrecht........................................7
1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................7
2 Bronnen......................................................................................................................................8
Internationale bronnen (meer dan in de cursus)............................................................................8
Nationale bronnen.......................................................................................................................10
Beleidsovereenkomsten...............................................................................................................12
3 Actoren.....................................................................................................................................13
1. Handelaar.............................................................................................................................13
2. Onderneming – rechtssubject..............................................................................................15
3. Onderneming – rechtsobject................................................................................................19
4. Consument...........................................................................................................................22
Economisch grondslagenrecht.........................................................................................................22
A. Gelijkheidsbeginsel – publiek...............................................................................................22
B. Gelijkheidsbeginsel – privaat................................................................................................24
C. Vrijheid van ondernemen – publiek.....................................................................................24
D. Vrijheid van ondernemen – privaat......................................................................................25
Hoofdstuk 2: Verrichten van een economische activiteit......................................................................27
Starten van een economische activiteit...........................................................................................27
1 Economische bekwaamheid.................................................................................................27
2 Algemene verplichtingen......................................................................................................29
3 Handelsnaam............................................................................................................32
4 Handelszaak.............................................................................................................33
Basisregels inzake economische transacties (schema maken!)........................................................35
1 Hoofdelijkheid......................................................................................................................35
2 Bewijs...................................................................................................................................35
3 (Vormloze ingebrekestelling)................................................................................................39
4 Betalingsachterstand bij handelstransacties (examen!).......................................................39
5 Invordering onbetwiste schuldvorderingen..........................................................................41
6 Minnelijke invordering van schulden van de consument.....................................................41
7 Schadevergoedingen en consumenten.................................................................................42
Fun Fun Fun: oefencasus met Renzo............................................................................................43
1
, 8 Bevoegdheid Ondernemingsrechtbank................................................................................44
9 Onbeslagbaarheid van de woning van de zelfstandige onderneming..................................45
Inleiding.........................................................................................................................................46
Juridische omkadering handelsdistributie .........................................................................46
Hoofdstuk 1: Handelshuurovereenkomsten.........................................................................................46
Handelsagentuur – definitie.............................................................................................46
Kenmerken van de handelsagentuur.......................................................................47
1 De agent treedt op in naam en voor rekening van de principaal.................47
2 De handelsagent staat niet onder gezag van de principaal......................47
3 De overdracht bestaat in het bemiddelen en eventueel afsluiten van
zaken.................................................................................................................................48
4 Permanentie van de opdracht..............................................................................48
5 De agent voert zijn opdracht uit tegen een vergoeding............................48
6 Geheel of gedeeltelijk intuitu personae aangegaan........................................48
7 Overige.................................................................................................................................49
Vormvereisten..................................................................................................................................49
Verhouding tot regelen inzake precontractuele informatie bij commerciële
samenwerkingsovereenkomsten......................................................................................49
Verbintenissen van de handelsagent................................................................................................50
1 Belangen van de principaal behartigen en te goeder trouw handelen (art. X.4 WER)..........50
2 Bijzonder geval: delcrederebeding (art. X.23 WER)..............................................................50
3 Andere verbintenissen?........................................................................................................50
Verbintenissen principaal.................................................................................................................51
1 Loyaal en te goeder trouw handelen (art. X.6 WER).............................................................51
2 Een vergoeding betalen aan de agent (zie volgende punt*).................................................51
3 Bijkomende verbintenissen?................................................................................................51
Vergoeding van de handelsagent*...................................................................................................51
1 Grondslag van de vergoeding (X.13).....................................................................................51
2 Ontstaan van het recht op vergoeding.................................................................................52
3 Verval van het recht op commissie (X.12)............................................................................53
4 Controlerecht handelsagent met betrekking tot de verschuldigde commissie (X.14)..........53
Einde van de handelshuurovereenkomst.........................................................................................53
1 Beëindiging door opzegging (X.16).......................................................................................53
2 Beëindiging zonder opzegging wegens uitzonderlijke omstandigheden (X.17)....................54
3 Beëindiging zonder opzegging wegens ernstige tekortkoming (X.17)..................................54
Gevolgen van de beëindiging...........................................................................................................55
2
, 1 Gevolgen voor de principaal: uitwinningsvergoeding (X.18)................................................55
2 Gevolgen voor de agent: naleven concurrentiebeding.........................................................57
Hoofdstuk 2: Commissieovereenkomsten.............................................................................................58
Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................58
Definitie....................................................................................................................................58
Kenmerken van de commissie.................................................................................58
1 Vergoeding................................................................................................................58
2 Stellen van rechtshandelingen.............................................................................58
3 Handelen in eigen naam........................................................................................58
4 Onderscheid andere rechtsfiguren......................................................................59
Rechten en plichten van de commissionair......................................................................................59
1 Uitvoering van de opdracht conform de instructies van de committent..............................59
2 Uitvoering overeenkomst met de wederpartij.....................................................................59
3 Informatie verstrekken aan de committent..........................................................................59
4 Geheimhouding over de identiteit van de committent........................................................59
5 Rekening en verantwoording afleggen.................................................................................59
6 Verbod om als wederpartij op te treden..............................................................................60
7 Aansprakelijkheid van de commissionair..............................................................................60
Rechten en plichten van de committent..........................................................................................60
1 Betaling van de commissieloon............................................................................................60
2 Terugbetaling van kosten en voorschotten..........................................................................60
3 Voorrecht van de commissionair..........................................................................................60
Einde van het commissiecontract.....................................................................................................60
Hoofdstuk 3: Makelaar.........................................................................................................................61
Definitie............................................................................................................................................61
Kenmerken van de makelaar............................................................................................................61
1 Onafhankelijke tussenpersoon (spreekt voor zich)..............................................................61
2 Zonder permanente band met de opdrachtgever................................................................61
3 Taak......................................................................................................................................61
Privaatrechtelijke kwalificatie van de makelaarsovereenkomst.......................................................61
Verplichtingen van de partijen.........................................................................................................62
1 Makelaar...............................................................................................................................62
2 Opdrachtgever......................................................................................................................62
Hoofdstuk 4: Concessieovereenkomsten (!!!).......................................................................................63
1 Juridische omkadering..........................................................................................................63
2 Definitie................................................................................................................................63
3
, Kenmerken van de verkoopconcessie..............................................................................................63
1 Concessiegever heeft de plicht om te verkopen...................................................................63
2 Concessiehouder heeft recht om te verkopen......................................................................63
3 Verkoop van producten van de concessiegever....................................................................63
4 De concessie is een kaderovereenkomst..............................................................................64
5 Intuitu-personae karakter?...................................................................................................64
Contractuele omkadering van de verkoopsconcessie......................................................................64
Eenzijdige beëindiging van de verkoopsconcessies door de concessiegever...................................64
1 Eenzijdige beëindiging bij concessie onbepaalde duur.........................................................64
2 Eenzijdige beëindiging bij concessie bepaalde duur (X.38)...................................................66
Hoofdstuk 5: Franchising......................................................................................................................67
Situering...........................................................................................................................................67
Definitie............................................................................................................................................67
Kenmerken van de franchising.........................................................................................................67
1 Onbenoemde overeenkomst................................................................................................67
2 Wederkerige overeenkomst.................................................................................................67
3 Intuitu personae overeenkomst?.........................................................................................68
4 Franchisenemer is een zelfstandige......................................................................................68
5 Bijzonder geval: franchise + verkoopconcessie = goederenfranchising...............................68
Voordelen van de franchising...........................................................................................................68
1 Voor de franchisegever.........................................................................................................68
2 Voor de franchisenemer.......................................................................................................68
Verplichtingen van de franchisegever..............................................................................................69
1 Precontractuele informatieplicht.........................................................................................69
2 Bedenktermijn......................................................................................................................69
3 Mededeling van knowhow...................................................................................................70
4 Bijstand aan de franchisenemer...........................................................................................70
5 Ter beschikking stellen van merken, handelsnaam, uithangbord.........................................70
6 Andere?................................................................................................................................70
Verplichtingen franchisenemer........................................................................................................70
1 Uitbating conform instructies/imago....................................................................................70
2 Betaling van een vergoeding aan de franchisegever............................................................70
3 Andere?................................................................................................................................70
Hoofdstuk 6: Begrippen verzekeringsrecht...........................................................................................71
Verzekeringstechniek.......................................................................................................................71
1 Algemeen..............................................................................................................................71
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