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samenvatting les 1 zenuwstelsel
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samenvatting van les 1 zenuwstelsel in revaki
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INLEIDING TOT DE ANATOMIE VAN HET ZENUWSTELSEL Indeling:
o Naar plaats
Centraal = hersenen + ruggenmerg
Perifeer = 12 paar craniale zenuwen
+ 31 paar spinale zenuwen: - 8 nn. cervicales
- 12 nn. thoracici
- 5 nn. lumbales
- 5 nn. sacrales
- 1 nn. coccygeus
CZS = centraal zenuwstelsel
PZS = perifeer zenuwstelsel
o functie
willekeurig of somatisch: relatieleven (gevoel, beweging => er is een bewuste controle)
- somato-motorisch (efferent)
- somato-sensibel (afferent)
onwillekeurig of autonoom of visceraal: vegetatief (bloeddruk, temperatuur,
spijsvertering… => er is geen controle)
- viscero-motorisch (efferent)
- viscero-sensibel (afferent)
,Afferente banen zijn de Efferente banen zijn de
inkomende banen. Signalen uitgaande banen. Signalen die
van de buitenwereld of je van het centraal zenuwstelsel
lichaam naar het centraal 2 soorten cellen naar het lichaam of de
zenuwstelsel o zenuwcellen = neuronen buitenwereld vloeien.
Neuronen hebben allerlei vormen.
Zijn dus zeer divers
Golgi type I (lang axon): maken verre verbindingen mogelijk
Golgi type II (kort axon): blijven met hun uitlopers in de buurt
, o steuncellen = neurogliacellen ( hebben geen prikkelfunctie)
perifeer: Schwanncellen vormen myelineschede rond de axonen
(voorzien 1 segment van 1 myelineschede) + satellietcellen
centraal: diverse soorten
o.a. ependymcellen, astrocyten, oligodendrocyten en microgliacellen
stervormig
klein gewone kleuring
blokvormig
Bij toevoeging van zilvernitraat
kleuring om de uitlopers beter
te zien
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