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Ziekten van vogels

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  • Ziekten van vogels en bijzondere dieren (G000876A)
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  • Universiteit Gent (UGent)

Dit document omvat alle lessen van "ziekten van vogels", gegeven in 2e master Diergeneeskunde aan de UGent. Dit zijn mijn lesnotities, waardoor er hier en daar kleine spellingsfouten zijn. Deze notities zijn ook in bundel te vinden, samen met de ziekten van bijen en kleine zoogdieren.

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Document information

  • December 6, 2022
  • 192
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • An garmyn
  • All classes

Subjects

  • duif
  • papegaai
  • garmyn
  • ziekte
  • diergeneeskunde
  • kanarie
  • kip
  • an

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  • Universiteit Gent (UGent)
  • Master Diergeneeskunde
  • Ziekten van vogels en bijzondere dieren (G000876A)
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2e master
diergeneeskunde

Ziekten van vogels en bijzondere dieren




Tine Haesebrouck

Universiteit Gent

2e master diergeneeskunde

,1

,ZIEKTE VAN VOGELS
INHOUD

O. Inleiding .....................................................................................................................................................................8



I. Anatomie en fysiologie ................................................................................................................................................9
0. Inleiding ..........................................................................................................................................................................9
1. HUID EN VEREN ..............................................................................................................................................................9
2. MUSCULOSKELETAAL SYSTEEM....................................................................................................................................12
3. SPIJSVERTERINGSSTELSEL.............................................................................................................................................13
4. ADEMHALINGSSTELSEL ................................................................................................................................................17
5. CARDIOVASCULAIR STELSEL .........................................................................................................................................19
6. UROGENITAAL STELSEL ................................................................................................................................................20
7. ZINTUIGEN ....................................................................................................................................................................22
8. BLOEDCELLEN ...............................................................................................................................................................23
Oefeningen als op het examen ........................................................................................................................................24



II. Klinisch onderzoek ...................................................................................................................................................26
0. Rol van dierenarts ........................................................................................................................................................26
1. Signalement..................................................................................................................................................................26
2. Anamnese.....................................................................................................................................................................26
3. Algemene indruk ..........................................................................................................................................................27
4. Algemeen onderzoek ...................................................................................................................................................28
5. Bijkomend onderzoek ..................................................................................................................................................29
6. Behandelingen .............................................................................................................................................................30
Voorbeeld examenvragen: ...............................................................................................................................................31




2

,III. Aandoeningen van duiven .......................................................................................................................................32
1. Inleiding ........................................................................................................................................................................32
2. Klinisch onderzoek .......................................................................................................................................................33
3. Virale ziekten ................................................................................................................................................................34
3.1 Paramyxovirus !!! ...................................................................................................................................................34
3.2 Adenovirus .............................................................................................................................................................35
3.3 Rotavirus ................................................................................................................................................................36
3.4 Herpesvirus ............................................................................................................................................................39
3.5 Poxvirus ..................................................................................................................................................................40
3.6 Circovirus ................................................................................................................................................................41
intermezzo ...................................................................................................................................................................43
4. Bacteriële en mycotische ziekten .................................................................................................................................44
4.1 Salmonella Typhimurium. = systemische ziekte, belangrijkste !! ...................................................................44
4.2 Streptococcus gallolyticus = systemische ziekte ...........................................................................................47
4.3 Escherichia coli = systemische ziekte ...........................................................................................................49
4.4 Chlamydia psittaci / ornithose ...............................................................................................................................50
4.5 Ademhalingsstoornissen ........................................................................................................................................51
4.6 Candidiase ..............................................................................................................................................................52
5. Parasitaire ziekten ........................................................................................................................................................53
5.1 Trichomonas ...........................................................................................................................................................53
5.2 Hexamita ................................................................................................................................................................54
5.3 Ascaridia en Capillaria ............................................................................................................................................56
5.4 Coccidiose ..............................................................................................................................................................57
5.5 Ectoparasieten .......................................................................................................................................................57
6. Niet infectieuze ziekten ................................................................................................................................................59
6.1 Polyurie ..................................................................................................................................................................59
6.2 Vederafwijkingen ...................................................................................................................................................59
6.3 Luchtzakscheur .......................................................................................................................................................60
6.4 Sialolieten ...............................................................................................................................................................60
6.5 Legnood ..................................................................................................................................................................61
6.6 Intoxicatie ...............................................................................................................................................................61
Oefeningen .......................................................................................................................................................................62




3

,IV. Ziekten van passeriformes ......................................................................................................................................64
Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................................................64
Virale aandoeningen ........................................................................................................................................................66
2.1 Poxvirus ..................................................................................................................................................................66
2.2 Cytomegalovirus.....................................................................................................................................................68
2.3 Papillomavirus = wratten poten ........................................................................................................................69
2.4 Polyomavirus ..........................................................................................................................................................70
2.5 Paramyxovirus ........................................................................................................................................................70
2.6 Circovirose - zwarte stip .........................................................................................................................................70
Intermezzo: casus .........................................................................................................................................................71
Bacteriële en mycotische aandoeningen .........................................................................................................................72
3.1 Rodentiose .............................................................................................................................................................72
3.2 Salmonellose ..........................................................................................................................................................73
3.3 Tuberculose !!! .......................................................................................................................................................74
3.4 Ornithose................................................................................................................................................................75
3.5 Enterococcus faecalis .............................................................................................................................................76
3.6 Campylobacter .......................................................................................................................................................77
3.7 Macrorhabdus !!! belangrijk.........................................................................................................................78
3.8 Candida ..................................................................................................................................................................80
Parasitaire aandoeningen ................................................................................................................................................81
4.1 Atoxoplasmose belangrijk !!!.......................................................................................................................81
4.2 Syngamose .............................................................................................................................................................82
4.3 Sternostoma infectie ..............................................................................................................................................83
4.4 Trichomonas ...........................................................................................................................................................84
4.5 Cochlosoma ............................................................................................................................................................84
4.6 Coccidiose ..............................................................................................................................................................85
4.7 Maagdarm nematoden ..........................................................................................................................................85
4.8 Ectoparasieten .......................................................................................................................................................86
Metabole en erfelijke ziekten ..........................................................................................................................................87
5.1 Lumps .....................................................................................................................................................................87
5.2 Vitamine A deficiëntie ............................................................................................................................................87
5.3 Ijzerstapelingsziekte ...............................................................................................................................................87
overige frequent voorkomende aandoeningen ...............................................................................................................89
6.1 Ringafsnoeringen ...................................................................................................................................................89
6.2 Bumble foot............................................................................................................................................................89
6.3 Schedeldakbloeding ...............................................................................................................................................89
Oefeningen .......................................................................................................................................................................90

4

,V. aandoeningen van hoenders ....................................................................................................................................92
Indeling.............................................................................................................................................................................92
1. Doelstellingen notie! ........................................................................................................................................92
2. Klinisch onderzoek .......................................................................................................................................................94
3. Vogelpest en pseudovogelpest ....................................................................................................................................95
4. Luchtwegproblematieken ......................................................................................................................................... 102
MULTIFACTORIEEL .................................................................................................................................................... 102
Virussen ..................................................................................................................................................................... 103
Bacteriën ................................................................................................................................................................... 105
SYNGAMUS TRACHEA ............................................................................................................................................... 111
Andere ....................................................................................................................................................................... 111
5. Huidproblematieken ................................................................................................................................................. 111
inleiding ..................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Trauma ...................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Pokken ....................................................................................................................................................................... 112
Marek ........................................................................................................................................................................ 114
Ectoparasieten .......................................................................................................................................................... 114
6. Gastrointestinale infecties ........................................................................................................................................ 116
Algemeen .................................................................................................................................................................. 116
Intestinatle parasitose............................................................................................................................................... 117
INTESTINALE BACTERIELE ZIEKTEN:........................................................................................................................... 123
INTESTINALE VIRALE ZIEKTEN ................................................................................................................................... 126
Diagnostische benadering intestinale infecties ........................................................................................................ 126
intermezzo: Kropproblemen ..................................................................................................................................... 127
7. Zoönotische voedselpathogenen .............................................................................................................................. 128
Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................................................... 128
ZOONOTISCHE SALMONELLA’S ................................................................................................................................. 129
CAMPYLOBACTERIOSE .............................................................................................................................................. 131
8. Ruimte-innemende processen in de coeloom .......................................................................................................... 133
Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................................................... 133
ONCOGENE VIRALE ZIEKTEN: .................................................................................................................................... 134
Leveraandoeningen ................................................................................................................................................... 140
Reproductiestelsel..................................................................................................................................................... 141
9. Locomotorische stoornissen ...................................................................................................................................... 142
10. nuttige informatie ................................................................................................................................................... 144




5

,IV. ZIEKTEN VAN PSITTACIFORMES ............................................................................................................................. 146
Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................................................... 146
Virale ziekten ................................................................................................................................................................. 150
VIRALE ZIEKTEN BIJ PSITTACIFORMEN ...................................................................................................................... 150
PARAMYXOVIRUS SEROTYPE 1 .................................................................................................................................. 151
PARAMYXOVIRUS SEROTYPE 3 = DRAAINEKZIEKTE .................................................................................................. 152
ZIEKTE VAN PACHECO ............................................................................................................................................... 154
POKKENVIRUS INFECTIE ............................................................................................................................................ 156
POLYOMAVIRUS INFECTIES ....................................................................................................................................... 156
PSITTACINE BEAK AND FEATHER DISEASE ................................................................................................................. 160
PROVENTRICULAIR DILATATIESYNDROOM (PDD) ..................................................................................................... 163
BACTERIËLE & MYCOTISCHE ZIEKTEN ........................................................................................................................... 166
PSITTACOSE – CHLAMYDIA........................................................................................................................................ 166
AVIAIRE TUBERCULOSE ............................................................................................................................................. 168
RODENTIOSE ............................................................................................................................................................. 170
SALMONELLOSE ........................................................................................................................................................ 170
ENTEROCOCCUS HIRAE SEPTICEMIE ......................................................................................................................... 171
PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIE ......................................................................................................................................... 171
MACRORHABDUS ORNITOGASTER............................................................................................................................ 172
ASPERGILLOSE ........................................................................................................................................................... 172
Parasitaire ziekten ......................................................................................................................................................... 175
INTESTINALE PARASITAIRE AANDOENINGEN ............................................................................................................ 175
TRICHOMONIASIS ...................................................................................................................................................... 175
GIARDIASIS ................................................................................................................................................................ 175
SCHURFT .................................................................................................................................................................... 175
BEVEDERINGSSTOORNISSEN ......................................................................................................................................... 176
VOEDINGSGERELATEERDE STOORNISSEN ..................................................................................................................... 178
HYPOCALCEMIE BIJ DE GRIJZE ROODSTAART............................................................................................................ 178
RACHITIS .................................................................................................................................................................... 179
SCHILDKLIERHYPERPLASIE zz ................................................................................................................................ 179
HYPOVITAMINOSE A komt veel voor! .................................................................................................................. 179
intoxicaties .................................................................................................................................................................... 182
ZWARE METALEN INTOXICATIE - LOODINTOXICATIE ................................................................................................ 182
ZWARE METALEN INTOXICATIE - ZINKINTOXICATIE .................................................................................................. 183
GIFTIGE PLANTEN ...................................................................................................................................................... 183
OVERIGE FREQUENT VOORKOMENDE AANDOENINGEN .............................................................................................. 184
Casussen papegaaien .................................................................................................................................................... 189

6

,7

,O. INLEIDING

Doelstellingen

• Belangrijkste infectieuzen en niet-infectieuze ziekten bij vogels en bijzondere diersoorten
• Kippen en duiven, Konijnen , Honingbijen => vogels, kleine zoogdieren en bijen
• DDX, diagnosen, behandeling, preventie

Examen

• Lessen !! Incl. Filmpjes etc
• Inzicht en toepassingsvragen
• Additionele zaken niet te kennen “extra”
• 65% vogels, 20% kleine zoogdieren, 15% bijen
• Vragen: open, MC, foto

Classificatie

• Klassen in het dierenrijk (Zoogdieren, vogels,…)
• Klasse wordt onderverdeeld in Ordes (papegaaien, duiven, hoenderachtigen,…)
• Ordes in de klasse van de vogels

Zoogdieren en vogels: Verschillen onderling => ene dier is het andere niet




8

, I. ANATOMIE EN FYSIOLOGIE

0. INLEIDING

BASISPRINCIPES! Aangepast om te vliegen

VOGEL ≠ GEVEDERD ZOOGDIER

• Gewichtloos: verschillende aanpassingen (Vergroeide botten , Holle botten , Luchtzakken, eieren ipv vrucht ,
geconcentreerde urine (urinezuur) , …)

DOELSTELLINGEN

• Kennis en inzicht verwerven over de basis anatomie en fysiologie van vogels,
• Kennis en inzicht over belangrijke klinische toepassingen
• Hint naar klinisch onderzoek

Leermiddelen:

• PP presentatie en lesopname
• Syllabus "ziekten van vogels": p. 9 - p. 21
• Oefeningen
• Extra’s




1. HUID EN VEREN

Dunne broze huid: weinig elastisch

• Voordeel: onderliggende structuren waarnemen
• Nadeel: huid scheurt gemakkelijk, injectie-opening sluit niet snel (intredepoort)

Geen zweetklieren

• Normale lichaamstemp 40°C (+1,5°C)
• Hittestress ! Op andere manier hitte kwijtgeraken = meer ventileren
o Hoog zitten, vleugels sprijden, mond open ademen

Stuitklier

• = craniodorsaal van de staart
• Verzorging vederkleed (vettig secreet)
• Glad, geen verkleuringen, geel romige vloeistof

Soorten veren

• Contourveren: contour vogel bepalen
• Slagpennen: slagkracht => bepalen mogelijkheid vliegen
• Vleugeldekveren, staartpennen, lichaamscontourveren




9

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