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ANTH 201 Full Course Notes
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ANTH 201 Full Course Notes
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11/28/2022CHAPTER 14
BIOLOGY OF
CONTEMPORARY AND PAST
POPULATIONS
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND HUMAN
HISTORY withincreaseddensityandmovementinfectiousdiseases
1. Infectious disease associated became alargerproblemBlackdeath medical
with the Neolithic Revolution
2. shift from infectious to chronic didnothelpuntilaroundthelate19th
advancements
diseases associated with
industrialization
century to early2000s
3. the age of emerging and re‐
emerging infectious diseases ‐
now
EMERGING AND RE‐EMERGING INFECTIOUS
DISEASES
Contributing factors:
Poverty
Poor sanitation
Mutations in pathogens
Antibiotic‐resistant bacterial
strains
Climate change (malaria)
Globalization and air travel
(COVID?!)
Large scale food production
(BSE)
Zoonotic transmission
(AIDS/Ebola)
Anti‐vaccination rhetoric
Low microbiome diversity (?)
Copyright © 2015 by Nelson Education Ltd. 1
, 11/28/2022
NUTRITIONAL ANTHROPOLOGY:
UNDERNUTRITION
Two billion people have nutritional deficiencies
Reliance on cereals makes many prone to protein,
iron, vitamin B deficiencies
Vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy
Vitamin A deficiency leads to blindness, weakened
immune system
Vitamin D deficiency leads to skeletal problems, bone
loss
Food processing destroys nutrients
Fortified foods – vitamins and minerals added
POOR NUTRITION RESULTS IN
low birth weight
infant mortality
cognitive impairment
growth stunting
skeletal abnormalities
reduced adult stature
susceptibility to infectious diseases
SPEAKING OF DISEASES…..
NUTRITIONAL ANTHROPOLOGY: UNDER‐ AND
“OVER” NUTRITION
A growing paradox…. The effects of “over‐nutrition”
becoming more widespread in poorer countries
typically associated with “undernutrition”
13‐6
Copyright © 2015 by Nelson Education Ltd. 2
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