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Class notes Sociology Research Methods AQA
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These are notes for Psychology and Sociology AQA for A Level.
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Research MethodsDurkheim
He found that rather than being random and chaotic there were consistent patterns and trends.
• A consistent di erence between di erent societies
• A consistent di erence between di erent groups within societies
• Social events that caused the suicide rate to predictable spike, recession, ecomic boom, war, etc.
Positivism and Interpretivism
POSITIVISM
People actions can generally be explained by the social norms of society.
Prefer quantitative methods which allow the researcher to remain detached from the
respondents.
O cial statistics, Social surveys, Questionnaires, Structured Interviews
Objective, Detachment, Trends, Generalisability
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, INTERPRETIVISM
Individuals are di erent people that experience the same reality in di erent ways and have
individual reasons for their actions.
Non-scienti c methods to see the world through the eyes of the participants.
Prefer qualitative methods which allow for close interaction with respondents.
Personal documents, participant observation, unstructured interviews
Subjective, Involvement, verstehen, thick description, individual motives, humanistic
Ethics
1. Deception
2. Right to withdraw
3. Informed Consent
4. Protection from harm
5. Social Sensitivity: Topics that may be found embarrassing or di cult to talk about.
Practical —> Logistics
Ethical —> Moral
Theoretical —> Preferences (perspective on society)
Questionnaires
Closed Questions
Fixed nº of responses
Quantitative data
Attitude and intentions
Open Questions
Provide own unique response
Qualitative data
Meanings and motivations.
Advantages
Cheap and quick
Less intrusive
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