Fresenius New Hire, Exam Study Guide| 60 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

What are the functions of a healthy kidney? CORRECT ANSWERS: Removal of waste products (creatinine, urea, and uric acid). Regulate fluid, acid base, and electrolytes. What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? CORRECT ANSWERS: (2) Kidneys (2) Ureters (1) Bladder (1) Urethra Which of the functions of healthy kidneys are replaced by dialysis? CORRECT ANSWERS: Removal of waste products, and Regulation of fluid balance What is the function of renin? CORRECT ANSWERS: hormone produced by the kidneys with important effects on regulation of the blood pressure, and on sodium, and potassium balance What is homeostasis? CORRECT ANSWERS: Steady internal state of equilibrium in the body. Intracellular CORRECT ANSWERS: Inside the cells Intravascular CORRECT ANSWERS: inside the blood vessels Extracellular CORRECT ANSWERS: outside the cells Interstitial CORRECT ANSWERS: between the cells What are the body fluid compartments? CORRECT ANSWERS: Intracellular, Extracellular, Intravascular, Interstitial What is hemodialysis? (HD) CORRECT ANSWERS: Outpatient setting Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) CORRECT ANSWERS: Patient's home What factors impact the rate of diffusion ? CORRECT ANSWERS: Concentration Gradient, Temperature, Molecular weight of solutes, Nature of the solution, Membrane Permeability, Surface area, Flow Geometry Convection What are three types of solutions? CORRECT ANSWERS: Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic What is hypotonic? CORRECT ANSWERS: Containing less particles What is Isotonic? CORRECT ANSWERS: Containing equal particles What is Hypertonic? CORRECT ANSWERS: Containing more particles