ORGAANFYSIOLOGIE
17. Chapter 17: Blood
17.1. Functions of blood
Transport
Regulation
Protection
17.2. Composition of blood
Physical characteristics and volume
Blood plasma
Formed elements
17.3. Erythrocytes
Structural characteristics
Function of erythrocytes
Production of erythrocytes
o Stages of erythropoiesis
Regulation and requirements of erythropoiesis
o Hormonal control
o Dietary requirements for erythropoiesis
Fate and destruction of erythrocytes
Erythrocyte disorders
o Anemia
Blood loss
Not enough RBC being produced
Iron-deficiency anemia
Pernicious anemia
Renal anemia
Aplastic anemia
Too many RBC destroyed
Thalassemias
Sickle-cell anemia
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,I. Poelaert
o Polycythaemia
Polycythaemia vera
Secondary polycythaemia
17.4. Leukocytes
General structure and functional charateristsics
o Granulocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
o Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Production and life span of leukocytes
o Leukopoiesis
o Granulocyte production
Myelobasts
Promyelocytes
Myelocytes
Band cells
Mature granulocyte
o Agranulocyte production
Monocytes
lymphocytes
Leukocytes disorders
o Leukemias
o Infectious mononucleosis
17.5. Platelets
17.6. Hemostasis
Step 1: vascular spasm
Step 2: platelet plug formation
Step 3: coagulation
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, I. Poelaert
Step 4: Clot retraction and firbrinolysis
Factors limiting clot growth and formation
o Factors limiting normal clot growth
o Factors preventing undesirable clotting
Disorders of hemostasis
o Thromboembolic conditions
Thrombi and emboli
Anticoagulant drugs
o Bleeding disorders
Thrombocytopenia
Impaired liver function
Hemophilia
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