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Samenvatting ondernemingsrecht
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Dominique DogmansOndernemingsrecht
Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: begrippen & algemene regelen.................................................................................................. 4
A. ondernemingsrecht..........................................................................................................................................4
B. Bronnen van het ondernemingsrecht...............................................................................................................5
C. Algemene beginselen van het economischR....................................................................................................6
D. Algemene regelen voor ond.............................................................................................................................6
1. Bewijs...........................................................................................................................................................6
E. Algemene regelen voor ondernemingen..........................................................................................................8
Bijzondere bewijsregels en bewijsmiddelen in ondernemingszaken..............................................................8
4. Betalingsachterstand handelsverbintenissen............................................................................................10
4.3 Betalingsachterstand Europese context..................................................................................................12
4.4 internationaal..........................................................................................................................................12
5. Onbeslagbaarheid woning zelfstandige.....................................................................................................12
7. Sluikwerk....................................................................................................................................................13
Hoofdstuk II Vennootschappen en verenigingen...........................................................................................13
Recapitulatie van het begrip onderneming........................................................................................................13
Geschillenregeling voor vennoten......................................................................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 3: enige handelsoverk................................................................................................................. 16
1. Elektronische handel......................................................................................................................................16
1 Herroepingsrecht........................................................................................................................................16
2 reclame.......................................................................................................................................................16
3 Betaling.......................................................................................................................................................16
2. Enige handelsovereenkomsten......................................................................................................................17
A. Handelstussenpers & distributiecontracten.............................................................................................17
1. De handelsagent............................................................................................................................................18
2. Handelsvertegenwoordiger............................................................................................................................20
3. De makelaar...................................................................................................................................................21
4. De commissionair...........................................................................................................................................22
5. distributieoverk..............................................................................................................................................23
1. concessie....................................................................................................................................................23
2. Franchising.................................................................................................................................................23
A. Commerciële samenwerkingsovereenkomsten Toepasselijke wetgeving...............................................24
B. Overk mbt handelszaak..................................................................................................................................25
4 uitbating......................................................................................................................................................29
3. handelshuur....................................................................................................................................................29
Handelshuur...................................................................................................................................................29
intellectuele eigendommen......................................................................................................................... 32
A. algemeen.......................................................................................................................................................32
B. auteursrecht...................................................................................................................................................32
voorwaarden..................................................................................................................................................33
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, b) naburige rechten.......................................................................................................................................34
c) computerprogramma’s..............................................................................................................................34
d) De bescherming van databanken..............................................................................................................34
C. Octrooirecht...................................................................................................................................................34
Rechten octrooihouder..................................................................................................................................35
Europees octrooi............................................................................................................................................35
D. Merkenrecht..................................................................................................................................................35
Draagwijdte....................................................................................................................................................36
Voorwaarden.................................................................................................................................................36
E. tekeningen en modellenrecht.........................................................................................................................37
Wat beschermt het?......................................................................................................................................37
Beschermingsvoorwaarden...........................................................................................................................38
Beschermingsomvang....................................................................................................................................38
F. specifieke beschermingsregimes....................................................................................................................38
A. chips...........................................................................................................................................................38
B. Bedrijfsgeheimen......................................................................................................................................39
C. Handelsnaam.............................................................................................................................................39
D. Vennootschapsnaam.................................................................................................................................39
G. Handhaving....................................................................................................................................................39
Europees economisch recht......................................................................................................................... 39
interne markt.....................................................................................................................................................40
eigen rechtsorde.................................................................................................................................................40
handhaving....................................................................................................................................................41
A. Kort overzicht van de mededingingstheorie.............................................................................................41
Economische theorieen.................................................................................................................................41
1. verbod op kartelafspraken........................................................................................................................42
handhaving....................................................................................................................................................43
2. verbod misbruik machtspositie.................................................................................................................44
Hoofdstuk 8: Belgisch economisch recht....................................................................................................... 45
Belgisch mededingingrecht................................................................................................................................45
VERBOD VAN MISBRUIK VAN POSITIE VAN ECONOMISCHE AFHANKELIJKHEID...........................................46
CONCENTRATIECONTROLE............................................................................................................................46
MARKTPRAKTIJKEN EN CONSUMENTENBESCHERMING....................................................................................47
2. TOEPASSINGSGEBIED.....................................................................................................................................48
3. VOORLICHTING VAN DE CONSUMENT...........................................................................................................49
ALGEMENE INFORMATIEVERPLICHTING.......................................................................................................49
PRIJSAANDUIDING.........................................................................................................................................49
4. OVEREENKOMSTEN MET CONSUMENTEN.....................................................................................................49
5. RECLAME EN ONEERLIJKE HANDELS- EN MARKTPRAKTIJKEN.......................................................................56
INVULLING VAN DE BEGRIPPEN RECLAME EN HANDELSPRAKTIJKEN..........................................................56
INVULLING BEGRIP HANDELSPRAKTIJK.........................................................................................................56
Agressieve handelspraktijken = intimidatie, dwang, lichamelijk geweld, of ongepaste beïnvloeding,
(art. VI.101 WER)...........................................................................................................................................58
Privaatrechtelijke sanctie bij miskenning regelen oneerlijke handelspraktijken jegens consumenten.......58
Desorganisatie...............................................................................................................................................59
AGRESSIEVE MARKTPRAKTIIJKEN (bij concurrenten)....................................................................................60
ONGEVRAAGDE COMMERCIËLE COMMUNICATIE........................................................................................61
BEWIJSREGELING INZAKE HANDELSPRAKTIJKEN...........................................................................................61
2
, Dominique Dogmans
6. Promoties inzake prijzen............................................................................................................................63
9. HANDHAVINGSMECHANISMEN VORDEREN TOT STAKEN.............................................................................63
BELGISCH VESTIGINGSRECHT.............................................................................................................................67
HOOFDSTUK 9: EINDE VAN DE HANDELSACTIVITEIT......................................................................................68
TOEPASSELIJKE WETGEVING..........................................................................................................................69
TOEPASSINGSGEBIED VAN BOEK XX WER.....................................................................................................70
PROCEDUREREGELS.......................................................................................................................................70
INSOLVENTIEFUNCTIONARISSEN...................................................................................................................70
2. VOORLOPIGE MAATREGELEN.........................................................................................................................71
GERECHTSMANDATARIS................................................................................................................................71
VOORLOPIGE BEWINDVOERDER...................................................................................................................72
ONTNEMING BEHEER – VOORLOPIGE BEWINDVOERDER.............................................................................72
3. ONDERNEMINGSBEMIDDELAAR....................................................................................................................72
4. MINNELIJK AKKOORD.....................................................................................................................................73
GERECHTELIJKE ORGANISATIE...........................................................................................................................73
DOEL VAN DE PROCEDURE VAN GERECHTELIJKE REORGANISATIE...............................................................73
3. GERECHTELIJKE REORGANISATIE DOOR EEN MINNELIJK AKKOORD.........................................................76
Boek kennen................................................................................................................................................ 76
3
, Hoofdstuk 1: begrippen & algemene regelen
A. ondernemingsrecht
Meest voorkomende is k-v contract
Handelszaak heeft ook immateriële waarden (topligging, klanten)
Ondernemingsrecht = privaatrecht
Economisch recht = publiekrecht
(W.Kh = wetboek van koophandel)
Handelszaak= handelsfonds
onderneming
Onderneming = iedere pers of rechtsprs die op duurzame wijze een economisch doel
nastreeft, alsmede zijn verenigingen.
eerste artikel in wetboek
Formeel criterium
• “Rechtspersoon” (bv. VOF, CommV, BV, CV, NV, vzw)
Materieel criterium
• Natuurlijke personen: “een beroepsactiviteit uitoefent”
– Duurzame / regelmatige verrichting versus occasionele / sporadische verrichting
Elke activiteit waar je geld voor vraagt, ookal geen winst, ook vzw’s onderneming
Geen winst maken betekend niet verlies maken.
Ø Rechtsvorm is onbelangrijk
Een rechtspersoon = een aparte id die in het rechtsverkeer die bepaalde handelingen
kunnen doen.
Bv. Apart vermogen, id, woonplaats, een vennootschap
Er bestaan geen eindeloze vennootschapsvormen, je kan er zelf geen bedenken. Je hebt
volledige rechtspers en halve rechtspers.
Bv ik ben hotelbedrijf, ik wil met 3 mensen dit oprichten. Ik heb geen geld maar heb wel een
investeerder gevonden. Ook een hotelstudent die mee investeerd en er gaat werken. We
richten een vennootschap op met 300.000 euro. 200.00 van de investeerder en 15000 vab lij
en de student. Ik en de student krijgen 15 aandelen, de investeerder de rest.
Wie/wat is de bestuurder? De vennootschao krijgt 2 bestuurders (2 verschillende soorten
van kwalificatie)
De bestuurder heeft een mandaat/con tov de vennootschap
ondernemingsrechtbank
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