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Samenvatting Algemene Economie (3SP - Fac. Wetenschappen) $9.09
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Samenvatting Algemene Economie (3SP - Fac. Wetenschappen)

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Dit keuzevak werd gegeven voor de faculteit wetenschappen (wiskunde, fysica, chemie, milieuwetenschappen, informatica, biologie, bio-ir.) door prof. dr. Jan Brouckaert. De samenvatting bevat alle behandelde hoofdstukken met duidelijke grafieken, definities en wiskundige uitwerkingen van de theori...

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  • Hoofdstuk 1, 2, 4, 5 en 7
  • December 16, 2022
  • 43
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary
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Samenvatting Julie Fr.



SV Economie
Inhoud
HT 1: Wat is economie?.....................................................................................................................4
Het productieproces...........................................................................................................................4
Productiefactoren...........................................................................................................................4
De productiefunctie........................................................................................................................5
Productiemogelijkhedencurve........................................................................................................5
HT 2: Het marktmechanisme.............................................................................................................7
Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................7
De marktvraag....................................................................................................................................7
Marktaanbod......................................................................................................................................8
Het marktevenwicht...........................................................................................................................9
Prijselasticiteit..................................................................................................................................10
De prijselasticiteit van de vraag....................................................................................................10
De Prijselasticiteit van het aanbod...............................................................................................11
Kruiselingse elasticiteit.................................................................................................................12
Inkomenselasticiteit......................................................................................................................12
De markt en overheidsinterventies..................................................................................................13
Indirecte prijsinterventies: indirecte belastingen en subsidies.....................................................13
Indirecte prijsreglementering: Maximum- en minimumprijs........................................................15
Directe beïnvloeding van vraag en aanbod...................................................................................16
Besluit...............................................................................................................................................17
HT 4: Productie en kosten v bedrijven op korte en lange termijn....................................................18
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................18
Bedrijven en de organisatie van de productie..............................................................................18
Doelstellingen en beperkingen van bedrijven..............................................................................18
Bedrijfsvormen.............................................................................................................................18
Productie en kosten: inleiding..........................................................................................................18
De productiefunctie......................................................................................................................18
De Cobb-Douglas productiefunctie...............................................................................................19
Gedrag vd producent op lange termijn: optimale keuze v inputs in de productie............................19
Productie en de substitueerbaarheid van inputs..........................................................................19
Isoquanten....................................................................................................................................20
Schaalopbrengsten:......................................................................................................................22

, Keuzeprobleem vd producent productie tegen minimale kosten.................................................23
Productie en kosten op korte termijn...............................................................................................25
Samenhang: korte en lange termijnkosten.......................................................................................26
Wet van de variabele meeropbrengsten......................................................................................26
Kostenverloop in de korte periode...............................................................................................27
HT 5: prijsvorming onder verschillende markstructuren..................................................................27
Inleiding............................................................................................................................................27
Criteria voor het onderscheid van verschillende marktvormen.......................................................28
Winst maximerend gedrag...............................................................................................................29
Zuivere mededingen zie kader hierboven........................................................................................29
Intuïtie van de p = MK(x) regel !...................................................................................................29
Afleiding van het marktaanbod....................................................................................................32
Lange termijn evenwicht in een competitieve markt...................................................................32
Monopolie........................................................................................................................................32
Verloop van de totale, gemiddelde en marginale opbrengst voor een monopolist.....................32
Marginale opbrengst....................................................................................................................33
De Lerner-index............................................................................................................................33
Marktmacht en prijszetting bij monopolie....................................................................................33
Oligopolie.........................................................................................................................................34
Het “dilemma van de gevangenen”..............................................................................................34
Gedrag van bedrijven oligopolistische markten bij 2 bedrijven....................................................34
Duoplistische cournot concurrentie.............................................................................................35
Het leider-volger model................................................................................................................35
Het “Bertrand” prijsconcurrentie-model......................................................................................35
Monopolistische concurrentie..........................................................................................................36
Voorspellen v marktuitkomsten in de praktijk..................................................................................36
HT 7: Macro-economische benadering............................................................................................37
Productie, inkomens en bestedingen – macro-economische benadering........................................37
Productie, toegevoegde waarde en factorvergoedingen..............................................................37
Voorraden.....................................................................................................................................37
Fundamentele gelijkheid tussen product, inkomen en bestedingen............................................38
Model: Macro-economische identiteiten voor een gesloten economie zonder overheid................38
Eenvoudige economische kringloop.............................................................................................39
Economische groei en ontwikkeling.............................................................................................39
Model: Macro-economische identiteiten voor een gesloten economie met overheid....................39
Model: Macro-economische identiteiten voor een open economie met overheid..........................40

2

, 1.Binnenlands product, binnenlandse bestedingen en saldo lopende rekening betalingsbalans.40
2.Financieringstekorten en overschotten.....................................................................................40
3.Vraag en aanbod van financieel kapitaal...................................................................................40
Het bruto binnenlands product (in detail)........................................................................................41
Uitschakeling vd prijsinvloed........................................................................................................41
Hoeveelheidsindex v laspeyers.....................................................................................................42
Hoeveelheidsindex v Paasche.......................................................................................................42
Inflatie..............................................................................................................................................42
Samenvatting....................................................................................................................................43




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