Summary
Samenvatting strafrecht
- Course
- Institution
Samenvatting strafrecht a.d.h.v. ppt's, college's en de cursus. Verschillende aanvullende voorbeelden/oefeningen toegevoegd. Geslaagd in eerste zit met deze samenvatting (+ schema's).
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STRAFRECHT2020-2021
2020-2021
,Inhoud
1. Een inleiding in het strafrecht.............................................................................................................6
1.1 Het fenomeen straffen.................................................................................................................6
1.2 Waarom straffen? Wat is de functie en doeleinde van een straf?................................................8
1.2.1 Verschillende soorten bemiddeling.......................................................................................8
1.3 Enkele theorieën rond straffen.....................................................................................................9
1.4 Wie straft en hoe?......................................................................................................................10
1.5 Codificatie van het strafrecht.....................................................................................................11
1.6 Een poging tot definitie..............................................................................................................11
1.6 Een poging tot definitie..............................................................................................................11
1.7 Welke straffen kunnen door een rechter worden opgelegd.......................................................12
1.8 Modaliteiten van strafoplegging.................................................................................................15
2. Achter de tralies in België.................................................................................................................17
2.1 Mensenrechtenschendingen tijdens detentie............................................................................17
2.2 Detentieschade bij gedetineerden en familie.............................................................................18
2.3 Vrijheden tijdens vrijheidsbeneming..........................................................................................19
2.3.1 Externe rechtspositie (Wet van 2006)..................................................................................19
2.3.2 Interne rechtspositie (Basiswet van 2005)...........................................................................19
3. Het misdrijf.......................................................................................................................................22
3.1 De constitutieve elementen/bestanddelen van een misdrijf......................................................22
3.1.1 Cijfers...................................................................................................................................24
3.1.2 Toestemming?! Kan verbaal of non-verbaal zijn..................................................................24
3.2 Schuld en boete?........................................................................................................................25
3.2.1 Schuldonbekwaamheid omwille van jeugdige leeftijd.........................................................25
3.2.2 Geestesziekten.....................................................................................................................26
3.3 Strafbare poging en deelneming.................................................................................................28
3.4 Enkele misdrijven........................................................................................................................28
3.4.1 Kindermishandeling.............................................................................................................28
3.4.2 Afzondering en fixatie: (on)opzettelijke slagen en verwondingen?.....................................33
4. Slachteroffer van een misdrijf: wat nu?............................................................................................35
4.1 Aangifte bij de politie..................................................................................................................35
4.2 Het verhoor bij de politie............................................................................................................36
4.3 Je rechten als slachtoffer doorheen de strafprocedure..............................................................37
5. Strafprocesrecht: Organen en actoren betrokken bij het strafproces..............................................39
5.1 Strafrechtelijk beleid...................................................................................................................39
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, 5.1.1 Vlaamse regering.................................................................................................................39
5.1.2 Federale regering.................................................................................................................39
5.1.3 Enkele principes...................................................................................................................40
5.2 De politie....................................................................................................................................40
5.2.1 Federale politie....................................................................................................................41
5.2.2 Lokale politie........................................................................................................................41
5.2.3 Politieopdrachten................................................................................................................42
5.3 Betrokken actoren bij een onderzoek.........................................................................................42
5.4 Extra verdieping..........................................................................................................................45
5.4.1 Vooronderzoek door het parket..........................................................................................45
5.4.2 Rechten van het slachtoffer.................................................................................................46
5.4.3 De voorlopige hechtenis......................................................................................................47
5.4.4 Rechten van de verdachte...................................................................................................48
6. Rechtbanken en hoven voor strafzaken...........................................................................................49
6.1 Basisinformatie...........................................................................................................................49
6.2 Wie is wie in de rechtszaal..........................................................................................................49
6.2.1 Personen binnen de rechtszaal............................................................................................49
6.2.2 Piramide van rechtbanken en hoven...................................................................................49
6.2.3 Bevoegdheden en rechten...................................................................................................51
6.3 Politierechtbank..........................................................................................................................51
6.4 Rechtbank van eerste aanleg......................................................................................................52
6.4.1 De burgerlijke rechtbank.....................................................................................................52
6.4.2 Familie en jeugdrechtbank...................................................................................................52
6.4.3 Correctionele rechtbank......................................................................................................54
6.4.4 De strafuitvoeringsrechtbank (SURB)..................................................................................54
6.5 Hoven.........................................................................................................................................54
6.5.1 Hof van beroep....................................................................................................................54
6.5.2 Hof van Assisen....................................................................................................................55
6.5.3 Hof van Cassatie...................................................................................................................55
6.5.4 Internationale rechtbanken.................................................................................................56
7. Straftoemeting en enkele bijzondere modaliteiten..........................................................................57
7.1 Regels bij de straftoemeting die de straf kunnen verzwaren of verminderen............................57
7.1.1 Verzwarende omstandigheden (strafverzwaring)................................................................57
7.1.2 Verzachtende omstandigheden (strafvermindering)...........................................................57
7.2 Link met dossier Julie Van Espen................................................................................................58
7.2.1 Schuld en boete?.................................................................................................................58
2
, 7.2.2 Gerechtelijk verleden – Steve Bakelmans............................................................................58
7.2.3 Strafmaat op mensenmaat?................................................................................................59
8. Strafuitvoering..................................................................................................................................61
8.1 Beperkte detentie.......................................................................................................................62
8.2 Elektronisch toezicht..................................................................................................................62
8.3 De voorwaardelijke invrijheidsstelling........................................................................................63
8.3.1 Wetsverandering.................................................................................................................63
8.4 Voorlopige invrijheidsstelling met het oog op verwijdering van het grondgebied of met oog op
overlevering......................................................................................................................................64
8.5 Enkele strafuitvoeringsmodaliteiten toe te kennen door de Minister van Justitie.....................64
8.6 Rechten van het slachtoffer........................................................................................................65
8.7 Link dossier Julie van Espen........................................................................................................65
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