Samenvatting biomedische wetenschappen 2 onderdeel het urinoir stelsel. De samenvatting is gebaseerd op notities, slider en extra verduidelijking uit het boek.
De samenvatting is gebaseerd op lessen uit het studiejaar
2.2. nierafvoerwegen – anatomie.........................................................................................................................3
2.2.1. De bovenste urinewegen: de uterus.......................................................................................................3
2.2.2. De onderste urniwegen: de blaas...........................................................................................................4
2.2.3. de urethra of plasbuis.............................................................................................................................4
2.5. De nier-microscopisch: het nefron.................................................................................................................8
3.3. Tubelaire secretie – Nieren..........................................................................................................................11
3.3.1. toepassing: uitscheiding van urobiline door glomerulaire filtratie & tubulaire secretie......................11
3.4. urinaire excretie,opslag en lozing – urinewegen.........................................................................................12
4. HORMONALE REGELING VAN DE ZOUT-WATERBALANS............................................................................12
4.1. regeling van de urinaire wateruitscheiding (de ‘waterbalans’) – bloeddrukregeling.................................13
4.2. regeling van de urinaire zoutuitscheiding (de ‘zoutbalans’)........................................................................15
, 1. INLEIDING
Functies van het urinair stelsel
1. Verwijderen (EXCRETIE) van organische afvalstoffen uit de lichaamsvloeistoffen
o ureum (afbraakproduct van eiwitten)
o urinezuur (afbraakproduct van DNA)
o urobiline (gele kleur, afbraakproduct van hemoglobine)
o creatinine (afbraakproduct van spierweefsel)
2. Lozen van deze afvalstoffen (ELIMINATIE)
3. Homeostatische regeling van volume en concentratie opgeloste stoffen in het
bloedplasma
o Reguleren van bloedvolume en bloeddruk (zie sem 1)
Reguleren van ionenconcentraties; Na+, K+, Cl-, …
o Reguleren van pH van bloed
o het RBC-gehalte door productie van EPO (zie sem 1)
2. ANATOMIE
2.1. NIEREN
2.1.1. LIGGING
• lumbaal
• gelegen achter het peritoneum
(retroperitoneaal)
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