Chapter 2: Globalization and
international trade
(pg 20-33 in textbook)
1. Growth in international trade
In recent decades, there has been considerable growth in world trade
Facilitated by:
- reduction in trade barriers between countries and regions
- [regional] trade agreements (EU, NAFTA,..)
- emergence of institutions such as WTO, IMF, World bank, OECD
- product tourism (taking advantage of lower taxes, material sold at “transfer price”)
- technology advancements, e.g. containerization (see later)
Hence more freight in moving all around the world
Logistics systems => an increasingly important role in the global economy
, The demand for international transport is derived from increase in international trade
Last few hundred years: greater openness and liberalized trade
However:
protectionism has always immersed
Advanced nations are realizing that economic growth and stability depend on a strategic mix of trade
policies, meaning both free trade & protectionism.
Graphs… What are they telling us?
Some tips:
Look at the title!
• Trade: import + export
• Merchandise (goods) vs
services
• What is the legend telling us?
• Annual percentage change
• In relation to a starting point
• ...
• Volume vs value
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kiarademoor. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.40. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.