In deze samenvatting worden alle onderdelen van de vakken Methodiek, Psychologie en Sociologie voor de tweede module van het eerste studiejaar besproken. Deze samenvatting is te gebruiken voor het leren voor de kennistoets 1.2.3 Opvoeden en Opgroeien. Ook is er in deze samenvatting een lijst aanwez...
Social Work Module 2.
Alles wat je nodig hebt voor de kennistoets 1.2.3!
Methodiek, Psychologie & Sociologie
van der Loo, J. & Hilt, P.
, Inhoudsopgave
Methodiek .................................................................................................................................................. 5
Week 1 Bijeenkomt 1 ................................................................................................................................... 5
Wat is ontwikkelen?................................................................................................................................. 5
Wat is opvoeden? ................................................................................................................................... 5
Ontwikkeltaken ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Marianne Riksen- Walraven .................................................................................................................. 6
Interactievaardigheden ........................................................................................................................ 6
Opvoedingsvaardigheden ................................................................................................................... 6
Opvoeding door de bril van 4 verschillende modellen................................................................ 8
Week 3 Bijeenkomst 2................................................................................................................................ 10
Public health of populatie brede preventie benadering .......................................................... 10
Risicogerichte benadering ................................................................................................................. 11
Week 4 bijeenkomst 3: .............................................................................................................................. 11
Spel ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
Het nut van kinderspel ......................................................................................................................... 12
Week 6 Bijeenkomst 4:............................................................................................................................... 13
De analysefase....................................................................................................................................... 13
Sociaal ecologisch model .................................................................................................................. 14
Psychologie .............................................................................................................................................. 15
Week 1 Bijeenkomst 1................................................................................................................................ 15
Inleiding Biopsychologie ...................................................................................................................... 15
Verband tussen gedrag en genen ................................................................................................... 15
Evolutie en natuurlijke selectie ........................................................................................................... 16
Genen en erfelijkheid ........................................................................................................................... 16
Week 2 Bijeenkomst 2................................................................................................................................ 18
Hoe produceren de hersenen gedrag en psychische processen? ........................................ 18
De drie lagen in de hersenen ............................................................................................................ 18
Het limbische systeem: emoties, herinneringen en meer ........................................................... 19
De hippocampus en het geheugen ................................................................................................ 19
De amygdala en emotie..................................................................................................................... 19
De hypothalamus en controle over motivatie .............................................................................. 19
Kwabben van de cerebrale cortex ................................................................................................. 20
De frontaalkwabben ............................................................................................................................ 20
Spiegelneuronen ontdekt in de frontaalkwabben. ..................................................................... 20
De samenwerkende hersenen .......................................................................................................... 21
Cerebrale dominantie ......................................................................................................................... 21
Taal, communicatie en emoties........................................................................................................ 21
Verschillende verwerkingsstijlen......................................................................................................... 21
Week 3 bijeenkomst 3 ............................................................................................................................... 22
Psychologische ontwikkeling .............................................................................................................. 22
Wat kan een pasgeboren baby? ..................................................................................................... 22
Prenatale ontwikkeling ......................................................................................................................... 23
De neonatale periode: vaardigheden van het pasgeboren kind.......................................... 24
Infancy: verder bouwen op de neonatale blauwdruk ............................................................... 25
Leren en omgeving ............................................................................................................................... 29
Hoe verklaart klassieke conditionering leren? ............................................................................... 30
De kernpunten van klassieke conditionering ................................................................................ 30
2
, Toepassingen van klassieke conditionering ................................................................................... 32
Hoe leren we nieuw gedrag door operante conditionering .................................................... 34
Skinners radicale behaviorisme ......................................................................................................... 34
Principes van operante conditionering: bekrachtiging.............................................................. 35
Het probleem van staf ......................................................................................................................... 38
Vergelijking tussen operante en klassieke conditionering ......................................................... 39
Hoe verklaart de cognitieve psychologie leren? ......................................................................... 40
Inzichtelijk leren: Köhler en zijn chimpansees ................................................................................. 40
Cognitieve plattegronden: Tolman ontdekt wat er omgaat in het hoofd van de rat ...... 41
Sociaal leren: Bandura’s uitdaging aan het behaviorisme ....................................................... 41
De rol van de hersenen bij leren ....................................................................................................... 42
Sociaal-constructivisme en ‘het nieuwe leren’ ............................................................................. 43
Week 4 Bijeenkomst 4................................................................................................................................ 43
Welke vaardigheden moet een kind zich eigen maken? ......................................................... 43
Cognitieve ontwikkeling: Piagets theorie ....................................................................................... 44
De 4 stadia van cognitieve ontwikkeling........................................................................................ 45
Stadia van Erikson .................................................................................................................................. 47
Week 5 Bijeenkomst 5................................................................................................................................ 48
Nature ....................................................................................................................................................... 48
Nurture ...................................................................................................................................................... 48
Week 6 Bijeenkomst 6:............................................................................................................................... 48
Hechtingstheorie (Bowlby) .................................................................................................................. 49
Theory of Mind (ToM) ............................................................................................................................ 49
Sociologie ................................................................................................................................................. 50
Week 1 Bijeenkomst 1................................................................................................................................ 50
Microsystemen ....................................................................................................................................... 50
Etiketten uitdelen ................................................................................................................................... 50
Leefwereld: microsysteem en mesosysteem ................................................................................. 50
Buitenwereld: exosystemen ................................................................................................................ 51
Pedagogisch Civil Society................................................................................................................... 52
Sociaal kapitaal en Gemeenschap ................................................................................................. 53
Week 2: Bijeenkomst 2............................................................................................................................... 54
Sociaal Kapitaal ..................................................................................................................................... 54
Week 3: Bijeenkomst 3............................................................................................................................... 55
Socialisatie ............................................................................................................................................... 55
Meespelen ............................................................................................................................................... 55
De roltheorie ........................................................................................................................................... 55
Mentale bagage ................................................................................................................................... 56
De rol van de speler.............................................................................................................................. 56
Sociale differentiatie, position set en role set ................................................................................ 57
Veranderende velden ......................................................................................................................... 58
Kruispunt ................................................................................................................................................... 58
Opvoeding versus socialisatie............................................................................................................ 59
Primaire socialisatie ............................................................................................................................... 59
Secundaire socialisatie ........................................................................................................................ 60
Microsysteem .......................................................................................................................................... 61
De significant other ............................................................................................................................... 62
Subjectvorming ...................................................................................................................................... 63
Subjectiviteit ............................................................................................................................................ 64
Identiteit ................................................................................................................................................... 64
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