Summary
Volkenrecht samenvatting week 1 t/m 5
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Samenvatting van de stof van alle weken
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Volkenrecht samenvattingIntroductiecollege
De decentrale structuur
- “International law governs relations between independent States.
- The rules of law binding upon States therefore emanate from their own free will ...
- Restrictions upon the independence of States cannot therefore be presumed.”
- The Case of the S.S. Lotus (1927), Permanent Court of International Justice
- SOEVEREINITEIT
De decentrale structuur
- Internationaal recht als recht van/voor/door staten
- Geen centrale wetgever
o Rechtsvorming: instemming van de staat
- Geen centrale uitvoerende macht
o “Almost all nations observe almost all principles of international law and almost all of
their obligations almost all of the time.”
- Geen verplichte rechtspraak
o GH: instemming met rechtsmacht
De Verenigde Naties
- “We the peoples of the United Nations determined to save succeeding generations from the
scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to
reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in
the equal rights of men and women and of nations”
De Verenigde Naties
- Internationale Organisatie
- Wat doen de VN?
o Vrede en veiligheid
o Economische en sociale ontwikkeling
o Mensenrechten
o Humanitaire zaken
o Internationaal recht
VN
- Economic and Social Council
- Secretariat
- Security Council
- General Assembly
- International Court of Justice
- Trusteeship Council
- Specialized agencies (IMF, IMO, World Bank)
- Funds and Programs (UNICEF, WFP)
- Related Organizations (OPCW, WTO, WHO)
VN Veiligheidsraad
- Mandaat: vrede en veiligheid
- 5 permanente leden met veto
o China, Frankrijk, Rusland, UK, USA.
- 10 niet-permanente leden
- Kunnen advies vragen aan IGH
- Kunnen militaire interventies mandateren
- Hervorming?
Internationaal Gerechtshof (IGH) / International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- Contentious cases (judgements)
1
, Volkenrecht samenvatting
o Geschillenbeslechting tussen Staten
o Bindend
- Advisory Opinions
o Op aanvraag van VN organen of gespecialiseerde organisaties
o Niet-bindend
Internationaal Gerechtshof (IGH) / International Court of Justice (ICJ)
- Rechtsmacht:
- Optionale clausule: verklaring algemene acceptatie IGH jurisdictie
- Compromissoire clausule: overeenkomst tussen partijen
- Forum prorogatum: ad-hoc jurisdictie
- Verwijzing vanuit derde verdragen
- Transfer van rechtsmacht vanuit PCIJ
- Algemeen: Art. 36 ICJ Statute
Een internationale uitspraak lezen
- De feiten
o Wat is er gebeurt?
o Welk hof?
o Welke partijen?
o IGH - Wat voor type uitspraak?
Judgement
Advisory Opinion
- Wat zijn de rechtsvragen?
- Wat zijn de posities van de partijen?
- Wat is de conclusie?
o Wat zijn de overwegingen van het hof?
o Welke rechtsbronnen worden er gebruikt?
o Wat is de uitspraak?
o Bindend?
2
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