APHA Exam Questions with correct Answers

Tom is a 9-year old boy who has never had an influenza vaccine. Tom's mother shows you his up-to-date immunization record and reports that he has never had any adverse reactions to vaccinations. What dose and schedule of IIV should be administered to Tom? - ANSWER-0.5 mL; one dose only Which of the following statements about live attenuated vaccines is true? - ANSWER-They should generally be avoided in immunocompromised individuals Which of the following is recognized by sociologists as a factor in a patient's decision whether to be vaccinated? - ANSWER-Influence of a health care provider After reconstitution, within what time frame must HZV be administered? - ANSWER-30 minutes Kate is a 24-year-old woman with asthma. She requests a refill of her albuterol inhaler on November 1st. Kate's immunization record indicates that she completed the primary series of MMR, varicella, DTaP, HepA, and HepB vaccines, and she received a dose of Tdap 2 years ago. For complete coverage, which of the following vaccines should she receive? - ANSWER-PPSV23, IIV, and HPV Why was the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) removed from the ACIP's influenza vaccine recommendations? - ANSWER-Low effectiveness of this vaccine was seen during the and influenza seasons Which of the following statements is true regarding how vaccines evoke an immune response? - ANSWER-The antigen in the vaccine activates B cells, which produce antigen-specific antibodies and memory cells Which of the following diseases are transmitted through mosquito bites? - ANSWER-Yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis Which of the following tetanus booster vaccines would be most appropriate for administration to a 12-year-old boy who has completed a primary series with DTaP and has no known allergies? - ANSWER-Tdap Aiden is a 6-month-old healthy boy with no known allergies. He has received vaccinations in the past with no reported adverse reactions. Aiden's father asks about having his son vaccinated against influenza. The most appropriate response would be to inform the father that Aiden: - ANSWER-Should receive 1 dose of IIV4 today followed by a second dose of IIV4 administered 4 weeks later What is the most common complication of pertussis? - ANSWER-Pneumonia HZV should not be administered to a patient with a history of anaphylaxis to: - ANSWER-Gelatin Which of the following documents must be given to every patient or patient's caregiver before administration of a vaccine covered under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA)? - ANSWER-VIS The presence of fever, diffuse maculopapular rash, and Koplik spots are characteristic of which of the following diseases? - ANSWER-measles Jackie is a 34-year-old woman who received an influenza vaccine from you today. She wants to know how long it will take for the vaccine to begin working to protect her from getting the flu. What would be the most appropriate response to this patient? - ANSWER-14 days Which vaccine does ACIP recommend for all college freshmen, aged 21 years or younger, living in dormitories, who have not been previously vaccinated? - ANSWER-MCV4 Which entity determines the specific vaccines that a pharmacist may administer? - ANSWER-States through laws and regulations Which viruses are associated with the development of cancer? - ANSWER-Human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus During which step of the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process would a pharmacist analyze a patient's need for certain vaccines? - ANSWER-Assess Even though state laws may have specific mandates, how long should pharmacists maintain records of immunizations? - ANSWER-For the patient's lifetime According to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), which of the following would be considered adequate evidence of immunity to varicella, indicating that administration of varicella vaccine is unnecessary? - ANSWER-Diagnosis of chickenpox by a health care provider The childhood/adolescent and adult immunization schedules are updated and published annually during which months? - ANSWER-January or February Which of the following statements about pharmacy-based vaccination programs is true? - ANSWER-Administratively, billing for vaccines covered by Medicare Part D may be easier for pharmacists than physicians Emily is a 16-year-old high-school student with no chronic medical conditions. Emily's immunization record shows that she completed the primary series for IPV, HepA, Hib, DTaP, and MMR, and she had a physician-diagnosed case of chickenpox at 2 years of age. Which of the following would be the most appropriate recommendation for her today? - ANSWER-Tdap, HPV, MCV, HepB, and influenza, if during influenza season Which of the following statements about establishing clinics for administering vaccines is true? - ANSWER-Technicians can administer screening questionnaires and distribute VISs Adolescents should be routinely vaccinated with MCV4 on the following schedule: - ANSWER-1 dose at age 11 to 12 years, followed by a booster dose at age 16 years Robert is a 48-year-old pharmacist who is preparing to provide immunizations in his pharmacy for the first time next fall. He has no documentation of receiving the hepatitis B vaccine and would like to be vaccinated before administering vaccines in his practice. What is the recommended routine schedule for vaccination against hepatitis B? - ANSWER-0, 1, and 6 months Which of the following key questions is important to ask a patient before administering IIV? - ANSWER-Are you sick today? In the event that a young child is fussy following the receipt of a vaccine, pharmacists should advise parents to: - ANSWER-Comfort the child and engage in quiet activities A history of anaphylaxis caused by neomycin would be a contraindication to receiving which of the following vaccines? - ANSWER-IPV Which of these vaccines is an inactivated vaccine? - ANSWER-Tdap A history of anaphylaxis caused by gelatin would be a contraindication to receiving which of the following vaccines? - ANSWER-varicella Which of these vaccines is a live attenuated vaccine? - ANSWER-Zoster Which of the following patients should receive the MMR vaccine? - ANSWER-A pharmacist born in 1975 with documentation of 1 dose of MMR vaccine For which age group is the adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine approved? - ANSWER-4 years and older What is the type of immunity that occurs when a pregnant woman is vaccinated with Tdap to protect the infant from pertussis after birth? - ANSWER-passive immunity Vaccines as well as exposure to natural disease are both examples of which type of immunity? - ANSWER-active immunity Alex is a 32-year-old man who is scheduled to travel to a country where hepatitis A is endemic. He leaves in 3 weeks and will be gone a month. He received his first dose of hepatitis A vaccine today. Alex should be counseled to return for his second dose of hepatitis A vaccine: - ANSWER-in 6 months How is the live, cholera vaccine administered? - ANSWER-Orally In which publication does the CDC initially publish new or updated vaccine recommendations? - ANSWER-Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) With the exception of rotavirus, the routinely recommended live vaccines are contraindicated in a patient who: - ANSWER-is immunosuppressed David is a healthy 5-year-old boy who is scheduled to see his pediatrician for a checkup in July prior to starting kindergarten. David's immunization record reveals that he has received the following vaccines: 3 doses of HepB 4 doses of PCV13 2 doses of HepA 3 doses of IPV 2 doses of rotavirus 1 dose of MMRV 4 doses of DTaP 4 doses of Hib Which vaccines should David receive at this visit? - ANSWER-DTaP, IPV, MMR, and varicella Herd immunity refers to which of the following situations? - ANSWER-Vaccination of enough individuals in a community to protect those who cannot be vaccinated There should be a flat hard surface in the area where vaccines will be administered to ensure: - ANSWER-There is room for the patient to lie down if fainting occurs or CPR is required Prior to the introduction of a vaccine, what was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children younger than 5 years of age? - ANSWER-Haemophilus influenzae type b The monitoring system that health care providers should use to report serious adverse events after vaccination is: - ANSWER-VAERS When looking at the schedule for vaccines that might be indicated for children and adolescents aged 18 years or younger based on medical indications, what does the orange bar represent? - ANSWER-precaution Which disease is almost certain to cause death if infected patients do not receive postexposure prophylaxis? - ANSWER-rabies In 2014, which vaccination rate was lowest among adolescents 13 through 17 years of age? - ANSWER-HPV Which of the following best describes how to administer MMR vaccine to an adult patient weighing 210 lb? - ANSWER-Inject subcutaneously at a 45° angle in the outer aspect of the upper arm Upon giving a VIS to a patient who is to receive a vaccine cover under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, what must be documented? - ANSWER-The date the VIS was given to the patient or caregiver and the date printed on the VIS Which of the following patients is a candidate for both MenACWY and MenB vaccines? - ANSWER-A 10 year-old who just had his spleen removed Which of the following diseases has been successfully eradicated worldwide through vaccination efforts? - ANSWER-smallpox Why should refrigerated vaccines be stored in the middle of the refrigerator? - ANSWER-There are fewer temperature fluctuations Which of the following best describes an opportunity for pharmacists to use diagnosis-based screening to identify people at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases? - ANSWER-Performing a medication review for a patient who has diabetes Kimberly is a 34 year-old woman who is 30 weeks pregnant. She received a Td booster dose 1 year ago when she cut her hand while working in the kitchen. She has no documentation of receiving a Tdap vaccine. The most appropriate recommendation would be to administer: - ANSWER-Tdap as soon as possible According to ACIP recommendations, HZV is indicated for the prevention of herpes zoster in adults aged: - ANSWER-60 years and older HealthMap Vaccine Finder is a free online tool that allows pharmacists to: - ANSWER-List their vaccination services so patients can find them when searching the website for nearby immunizers Which disease is characterized by the development of a membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, or larynx, leading to respiratory obstruction? - ANSWER-diphtheria Ava has arrived at the clinic for her well-child visit. She is 4 months old. Ava's immunization record reveals that she has received the following vaccines: 2 doses of HepB 1 dose of Hib 1 dose of rotavirus 1 dose of PCV13 1 dose of DTaP 1 dose of IPV Which vaccines should Ava receive at today's visit? - ANSWER-- DTaP - Hib - PCV13 - IPV - rotavirus At what point during pregnancy is it recommended to administer the influenza vaccine? - ANSWER-anytime is safe What is the standard dose of epinephrine for managing anaphylaxis? - ANSWER-0.01 mg per kg body weight, up to a maximum of 0.5 mg According to ACIP recommendations, what is the maximum number of doses of PPSV23 a patient should receive in his or her lifetime? - ANSWER-3 doses Which of the following best describes how to administer Tdap vaccine to an adult patient weighing 185 lb? - ANSWER-Inject intramuscularly at a 90° angle in the deltoid muscle Which of the following vaccines may be administered to boys and young men aged 9 through 26 years to reduce the likelihood of acquiring genital warts? - ANSWER-HPV9 John is a 46-year-old man with diabetes. He requests a refill of his diabetes testing supplies on October 21st. His immunization record indicates that he has completed the primary series of MMR, DTaP, HepA, and HepB vaccines. John has a documented history of chickenpox, and his last Td booster dose was 19 years ago. Which of the following vaccines should he receive? - ANSWER-- PPSV23 - Tdap - IIV Which type of vaccine involves stimulation of B cells without the assistance of T helper cells? - ANSWER-pure polysaccharide vaccine Which of the following immunization strategies is preferred for adults under the age of 65 years with immunocompromising conditions who require both PCV13 and PPSV23? - ANSWER-PCV13 first, followed by PPSV23 at least 8 weeks later According to ACIP recommendations, which of the following needle lengths would be appropriate for administering HZV to an adult patient? - ANSWER-5/8 inch Which of the following statements would be accurate when responding to a patient's concerns about the safety of vaccines? - ANSWER-The immune system is capable of stimulating an immune response to multiple vaccines administered at the same time Barbara is a 60-year-old woman who presents to the pharmacy for two vaccines: HZV and IIV. Which of the following are the appropriate doses and routes for administering these vaccines to this patient? - ANSWER-- HZV 0.65 mL subcutaneously - IIV 0.5 mL intramuscularly Federal law makes offering an annual influenza vaccination a requirement for continued federal funding in which setting? - ANSWER-long term care facilities Which of the following patients are appropriate candidates for the 2-dose schedule of HPV9? - ANSWER-11 year-old girl with no medical conditions, series has not been started RotaTeq (RV5) should be administered as a: - ANSWER-3-dose series to infants at 2, 4, and 6 months of age Kyle is a 5-year-old boy who is up to date with his vaccinations. He has never experienced any adverse effects from vaccinations. At his next well-child check-up, Kyle will be receiving the following vaccines: IPV, MMR, varicella vaccine, and a tetanus-containing vaccine. Which of the following tetanus-containing vaccines would be appropriate for him? - ANSWER-DTaP A 69 year-old man received Td vaccination 4 years ago. He is preparing to travel to see his newborn granddaughter next month. Which of the following vaccines containing tetanus, diphtheria, and/or pertussis would be most appropriate for him? - ANSWER-Tdap HPV vaccine is recommended for which of the following individuals? - ANSWER-12-year-old boy Which of the following is a requirement of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard? - ANSWER-Health care providers must use safety devices when administering injectable vaccines According to ACIP, which of the following is a contraindication to receiving HZV? - ANSWER-current treatment of lymphoma Justin is a healthy 16-year-old boy who has no documentation of varicella vaccine or history of the disease. He should receive: - ANSWER-2 doses of varicella vaccine separated by at least 4 weeks