Summary
Samenvatting Inductieve statistiek voor de gedragswetenschappen, statistiek 2
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Samenvatting van het vak statistiek 2 gegeven in het tweede jaar Bachelor Toegepaste psychologie.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Seller
Follow
lorevancauwenbergh
Available practice questions
Statistiek 2 (oefenvragen theorie)
Flashcards
28 Flashcards
$11.24
0 sales
Flashcards
28 Flashcards
$11.24
0 sales
Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
We zeggen dat het gemiddelde van de steekproef een zuivere schatter is van het gemiddelde van de populatie. Verklaar \'zuivere\' en \'schatter\'.
Answer: Zuiver = er zullen geen systematische afwijkingen zijn wanneer men kijkt naar het gemiddelde van alle mogelijke steekproeven om de populatiegrootheid te schatten. Schatter = we schatten met behulp van het steekproevengemiddelde het populatiegemiddelde.
2.
Hoe weten we wanneer de vorm normaal verdeeld is? Verklaar het Centrale Limiet Theorama:
Answer: Hoe groter we de steekproeven trekken, hoe meer de steekproevenverdeling van het gemiddelde de normale verdeling benadert.
3.
Wanneer is een steekproef normaal verdeeld?
Answer: Als de populatie waaruit de steekproef normaal verdeeld is of N > 30.
4.
Mu en Sigma bepalen de normaalverdeling. Verklaar deze begrippen:
Answer: Mu = gemiddelde van de normale verdeling. Bepaalt de plaats van het midden van de verdeling. Sigma = standaardafwijking (spreiding) van de verdeling. Bepaalt de breedte van de verdeling.
5.
Waarvoor gebruiken we Z-scores?
Answer: Gebruiken we om de waarden uit onze originele normale verdeling te transformeren/standaardiseren zodat ze bruikbaar is in de standaardnormale verdeling.
6.
Wat is een puntschatting?
Answer: Schatten van de populatieparameter via 1 getal. (bv gemiddelden uit verschillende steekproeven).
7.
Wat is een intervalschatting?
Answer: Rond het steekproevengemiddelde (X) een interval afbakenen met de kans dat het populatiegemiddelde (mu) daartussen ligt.
8.
Wat is een betrouwbaarheidsinterval?
Answer: Dit is een intervalschatting waar een interval in ligt. We zijn van dit interval redelijk zeker dat het populatiegemiddelde erin ligt. * Grootte van interval bepalen we zelf. * Steekproef moet aselect getrokken zijn. * Afweging tussen zekerheid en informativiteit.
9.
Wat is de type 1 fout (alfa fout)?
Answer: De nulhypothese ten onrecht verwerpen.
10.
Wat is de type 2 fout ( beta fout)?
Answer: De nulhypothese ten onrecht niet verwerpen.
Content preview
Statistiek 2Samenvatting
1
,Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 1 ..........................................................................................................................................................................6
De empirische cyclus ...................................................................................................................................................6
Waarom statistiek? .......................................................................................................................................................6
Problemen in de inductieve statistiek ..................................................................................................................6
Statistische significantie .............................................................................................................................................7
Kansberekening .............................................................................................................................................................7
Toetsen ..............................................................................................................................................................................7
Misbruik van statistiek................................................................................................................................................8
Validiteit ............................................................................................................................................................................8
Interne validiteit .......................................................................................................................................................8
Externe validiteit ......................................................................................................................................................9
Kwalitatief onderzoek ......................................................................................................................................................9
1. Van beleidsvraag naar heldere onderzoeksvraag .......................................................................................9
1.1 Beleidsvraag en probleemdefinitie............................................................................................................9
1.2 Onderzoeksdoel .............................................................................................................................................. 10
2. Wat is dan kwalitatief onderzoek? ................................................................................................................. 11
2.1 Doel ...................................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.2 Basisprincipes ................................................................................................................................................. 11
2.3 Gevolg - verandering in probleemstelling kan................................................................................... 11
In het kort … ............................................................................................................................................................ 12
3. Data-analyse? Eerst data verzamelen. .......................................................................................................... 12
4. Met welke kwalitatieve onderzoeksmethode? .......................................................................................... 12
4.1 Observeren ....................................................................................................................................................... 12
4.2 Kwalitatieve survey....................................................................................................................................... 13
Data analyse met manuele inhoudsanalyse ............................................................................................... 14
4.3 Laboratoriumtests ......................................................................................................................................... 17
5. Hoe de betrouwbaarheid van kwalitatief onderzoek en de data-analyse ervan verhogen? . 17
H2 - Kansverdeling en kansberekening ................................................................................................................. 17
Kansenverdeling ......................................................................................................................................................... 17
1) interval estimatie ............................................................................................................................................. 18
2) Hypothesetoetsing .......................................................................................................................................... 18
Behulpzame begrippen ....................................................................................................................................... 18
Gemiddelde/variantie/standaarddeviatie v/d kansverdeling................................................................ 19
2
, Kansverdeling v/h steekproefgemiddelde ...................................................................................................... 19
Standaardfout v/h gemiddelde berekenen................................................................................................. 21
Vorm v/d steekproevenverdeling v/h gemiddelde ................................................................................ 21
De populatie en steekproeven hangen samen… ....................................................................................... 21
Kansen berekenen in de steekproevenverdeling.......................................................................................... 22
Intermezzo – de (standaard)normale verdeling ........................................................................................... 22
Z-scores ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Hoofdstuk 3 - Betrouwbaarheidsintervallen en hypothesetoetsing ......................................................... 24
Betrouwbaarheidsintervallen ............................................................................................................................... 24
Wat is een betrouwbaarheidsinterval? ........................................................................................................ 24
De 68, 95 en 99,7 regel ........................................................................................................................................ 25
Hypothesetoetsing ..................................................................................................................................................... 26
Grote of kleine kans ? ........................................................................................................................................... 27
Samenvattend ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Eenzijdig en tweezijdig toetsen ....................................................................................................................... 27
Kritieke waarden ................................................................................................................................................... 28
Onzekerheden bij hypothesetoetsing ........................................................................................................... 29
Effectgroottes .......................................................................................................................................................... 29
Parametrisch of non-parametrisch toetsen................................................................................................ 30
Hoofdstuk 4: toetsen voor één populatie .............................................................................................................. 31
T-toets voor het gemiddelde ................................................................................................................................. 31
Z-toets / T-toets ..................................................................................................................................................... 32
De t-verdeling… ...................................................................................................................................................... 32
Vrijheidsgraden (df)............................................................................................................................................. 32
Beslissingsregels .................................................................................................................................................... 33
Kritieke waarden ................................................................................................................................................... 33
Effectgroottes .......................................................................................................................................................... 34
Rapporteren............................................................................................................................................................. 34
Chikwadraattoets voor frequenties .................................................................................................................... 34
De situatie ................................................................................................................................................................. 34
De voorwaarden..................................................................................................................................................... 35
Hypothesen formuleren...................................................................................................................................... 35
Het principe ............................................................................................................................................................. 35
Beslissingsregels .................................................................................................................................................... 35
Effectgroottes (phi) .............................................................................................................................................. 36
Rapporteren............................................................................................................................................................. 36
Hoofdstuk 5: toetsen voor twee populaties ......................................................................................................... 37
3
, T-toets voor twee onafhankelijke steekproeven........................................................................................... 37
Twee populaties vergelijken, verschillende mogelijkheden… ............................................................ 37
De situatie ................................................................................................................................................................. 38
Voorwaarden........................................................................................................................................................... 38
Hypothesen formuleren...................................................................................................................................... 38
Principe bij de T-toets ......................................................................................................................................... 39
Standaardfout van de steekproevenverdeling berekenen ................................................................... 39
(on)gelijke varianties nagaan .......................................................................................................................... 39
Principe bij de F-toets.......................................................................................................................................... 40
Beslissingsregels F-toets .................................................................................................................................... 40
Beslissingsregels t-toets ..................................................................................................................................... 40
Effectgroottes .......................................................................................................................................................... 41
Rapporteren............................................................................................................................................................. 41
Wilcoxon rank-sum toets ........................................................................................................................................ 41
Situatie en voorwaarden .................................................................................................................................... 41
Hypothesen formuleren...................................................................................................................................... 41
Principe...................................................................................................................................................................... 42
Beslissingsregels .................................................................................................................................................... 42
Effectgroottes .......................................................................................................................................................... 43
Hoofdstuk 6: toetsen voor twee populaties – afhankelijke steekproeven .............................................. 44
Opfrissing ...................................................................................................................................................................... 44
T-toets voor twee afhankelijke steekproeven ................................................................................................ 45
De situatie ................................................................................................................................................................. 45
Voorwaarden........................................................................................................................................................... 45
Hypothesen formuleren...................................................................................................................................... 46
Het principe bij de t-toets .................................................................................................................................. 46
Beslissingsregels t-toets….................................................................................................................................. 46
Effectgroottes .......................................................................................................................................................... 47
Rapportage ............................................................................................................................................................... 47
Oefening dia 18 + 19 ........................................................................................................................................... 47
Hoofdstuk 7: toetsen voor meer dan twee populaties – variantieanalyse .............................................. 48
Eenwegsvariantieanalyse (= one-way-anova).............................................................................................. 48
Situatie ....................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Significantie ............................................................................................................................................................. 48
Voorwaarden........................................................................................................................................................... 48
Hypothesen formuleren...................................................................................................................................... 49
Het principe bij de eenwegsvariantieanalyse ............................................................................................ 49
4
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller lorevancauwenbergh. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.24. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
64670 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now
Recently viewed by you
Exam (elaborations) ·
NURS 6551 FINAL EXAM 1 TO 5 – QUESTION AND ANSWERS COMBINED PACKAGE| 2022UPDATE
Exam (elaborations) ·
GACE Agricultural Education Practice Test I (040) Latest Update Graded A+
Package deal ·
PUBLIX BUNDLED EXAMS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS (MANAGEMENT/DELI/KNOWLEDGE)
Exam (elaborations) ·
NUR 242 NUTRITION CH 3 Galen College Of Nursing - Question and answers rated A+
Exam (elaborations) ·
Orthotic fitter practice Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified Rated A+
Exam (elaborations) ·
MAC3703 Assignment 2 (DETAILED ANSWERS) Semester 1 2024 - DISTINCTION GUARANTEED
Exam (elaborations) ·
NASCLA Accredited Exam - JJ Johnson Contractor Seminar(Correctly answered)
Essay ·
NR 439 Week 1 Graded Discussion Topic Introduction to Evidence-based Practice
