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samenvatting Denkkaders In De Orthopedagogie
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samenvatting DIO denkkaders in de orthopedagogie 2de jaar AP Bachelor orthopedagogie
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2022-2023DENKKADERS IN DE ORTHOPEDAGOGIE
SAMENVATTING
NISA JANNES
AP HOGESCHOOL
Bachelor orthopedagogie
,Inhoud
1. Inleiding ...................................................................................................... 3
1.1. Kwetsbaarheid .......................................................................................... 3
1.2. Vermaatschappelijking van de zorg ............................................................. 3
2. Fundamenten .................................................................................................... 4
2.1. Quality Of Life (QOL) & ondersteuningsdenken ................................................. 4
2.1.1. Het ondersteuningsmodel ........................................................................ 4
2.1.2. Quality Of Life (QOL) ............................................................................... 4
2.2. Universal Design (learning) ........................................................................... 6
2.2.1. Voorgeschiedenis .................................................................................... 6
2.2.2. ‘Universal design’ of ‘Design for all’ ........................................................... 6
2.2.3. De 7 basisprincipes van Universal Design................................................... 6
2.2.4. Universal Design: diversiteit is norm ......................................................... 6
2.2.5. Universal Design for Learning (UDL).......................................................... 7
2.2.6. Neurologische basis UDL: wat, hoe en waarom? ......................................... 7
2.2.7. Drie grote principes UDL (p.16 noteren) ................................................... 8
2.3. De leertheorie .............................................................................................. 9
2.3.1. Behaviorisme ........................................................................................10
2.3.2. Cognitivisme .........................................................................................10
2.3.3. Constructivisme .....................................................................................11
2.3.4. Sociaal-constructivisme ..........................................................................11
2.3.5. Connectivisme .......................................................................................12
2.3.6. Communities of Practice .........................................................................12
2.4. Het waardigheidsparadigma en de capabilitybenadering ...................................12
2.4.1. Het waardigheidsparadigma ....................................................................12
2.4.2. Waardigheidscirkel .................................................................................14
2.4.3. Capabilitybenadering ..............................................................................15
2.5. Presentie ....................................................................................................17
2.5.1. Presentiebenadering toegelicht ................................................................17
• Er kunnen conflicten zijn maar dat betekent niet dat vriendschap daar stopt. Je hebt
elkaar mandaat gekregen ......................................................................................19
2.5.2. Het KEUVEL-kader (Demesmaeker) als leidraad ........................................20
2.6. Positie van hulpverlener ...............................................................................23
2.6.1. Generalist versus specialist .....................................................................25
3. Community Care ...............................................................................................26
3.1. Wat is Community Care? ..............................................................................26
3.2. Krachtenbenadering van Rapp & Goscha als relationeel handelingskader ............27
3.2.1. Model toegelicht ....................................................................................28
3.2.2. Enabling niches .....................................................................................29
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, 3.3. Steunend Relationeel Handelen (SRH) ...........................................................30
3.3.1. SRH= herstelgericht werken ...................................................................30
4. Netwerken .......................................................................................................32
4.1. Systeemgericht werken en het contextuele denkkader van Nagy .......................32
4.1.1. Systeemgericht werken voor hulpvrager ...................................................32
4.1.2. Contextuele denkkader van Nagy ............................................................33
4.2. Netwerkstrategieën en -methodieken.............................................................39
4.2.1. Samenwerken met netwerk ....................................................................39
4.2.2. Eigen Kracht Conferentie (EKC) ...............................................................45
4.2.3. Persoonlijke Toekomstplanning (PTP) .......................................................46
4.2.4. Family Finding .......................................................................................47
4.2.5. Positieve heroriëntering ..........................................................................48
4.2.6. Signs of Safety ......................................................................................51
5. Nieuwe autoriteit ..............................................................................................55
5.1. Hechting ....................................................................................................55
5.2. Nieuwe autoriteit .........................................................................................55
6. Community Building ..........................................................................................59
6.1. Wat is CB?..................................................................................................59
6.2. ABCD-methode ...........................................................................................60
6.3. Outreachend werken....................................................................................61
6.4. Buurtwerking: zorgzame buurt ......................................................................63
6.4.2. Kwartiermaken ......................................................................................64
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, 1. Inleiding
Oorsprong woord ‘cliënt’: ‘cliens’ was in Romeinse tijd een volgzame burger die
verbonden was aan een patroon
1.1. Kwetsbaarheid
5 domeinen van kwetsbaarheid:
1. Fysieke kwetsbaarheid
2. Cognitieve kwetsbaarheid
3. Omgevingskwetsbaarheid Beïnvloeden elkaar
4. Sociale kwetsbaarheid
5. Psychische kwetsbaarheid
1.2. Vermaatschappelijking van de zorg
2 invalshoeken:
1. Streven van cliënt om zoveel mogelijk deel uit te maken van samenleving (=
individueel proces)
2. Vermaatschappelijking van zorg zelf (= collectief proces) → herorganisatie HV
Community care: personen met beperking ondersteunen in samenleving
Vermaatschappelijking van de zorg: zorg van persoon met een psychische
problematiek in samenleving
Waar op letten voor vermaatschappelijking zorg?
• Kracht zorgvrager erkennen
• Geloof informele zorg
• Overdreven professionalisme tegengaan
• Mensen hebben volwaardige plek in samenleving
→ vermaatschappelijking mag geen doel zijn, wel middel om tot recht te komen van QOL
Doel community care/ vermaatschappelijking zorg: juiste kansen & mogelijkheden
creëren om mensen in kwetsbare positie met nodige steun in samenleving een
volwaardige rol te laten spelen
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