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Notities samenvatting volkenrecht
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samenvatting notities volkenrecht die bij de fiches horen 22-23
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InhoudsopgaveLes 1. Rohingya.............................................................................................3
The Gambia v. Myanmar................................................................................................. 3
The Gambia v. Myanmar:.............................................................................................. 4
Les 2. Bronnen...............................................................................................8
Artikel 38(1) Statuut Internationaal Gerechtshof (D3).....................................................8
Gewoonterecht................................................................................................................ 8
ICJ (international court of justice): Nicaragua v. US (1986) (A4)...................................8
ICTY (International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia): Tadiç (1995) (A5)....9
ICJ: North sea Continental Shelf (1969) (A2)...............................................................11
Ius Cogens:.................................................................................................................... 12
Algemene rechtsbeginselen..........................................................................................13
ICJ: Gabcikovo- Nagymaros dam project (1997) (A7)..................................................13
Universele Verklaring Rechten van de Mens (D5)..........................................................13
Les 3. Verdragenrecht..................................................................................14
Verdrag van Wenen Verdragenrecht (D6).....................................................................14
Rana Plaza, Dhaka, apr 2013......................................................................................16
Artikel IX Genocideverdrag (D4)....................................................................................17
Zaak Congo-Rwanda................................................................................................... 17
Costa Rica v. Nicaragua (A17)....................................................................................19
Zaak Awas Tingi v. Nicaragua.....................................................................................20
Les 4. Rechtspersoonlijkheid.........................................................................22
Definitie internationale rechtspersoonlijkheid...............................................................22
De Staat als internationale rechtspersoon.....................................................................23
Palestina erkend als Staat door 139 landen..................................................................24
WHO (world health organisation) constitution...............................................................25
IGH: Advisory Opinion Legality of the Use of Nuclear Weapons 1996 (A6).................26
Aansprakelijkheid internationale organisaties...............................................................27
Resolutie VN Veiligheidsraar 1820 (2008): seksueel geweld ikv VN missies..................28
UNMIK Human Rights Advisory Panel Kosovo (D21)......................................................28
EHRM : Behrami en Saramati (2007) (A14).................................................................30
Al-Skeini and others v. the United Kingdom................................................................31
Santa Elena National Park, Costa Rica (A9)................................................................32
ICSID: Foresti v. South Africa (2009) (A18).................................................................35
Les 5. Grondgebied en zelfbeschikkingsrecht................................................35
IGH: Burkina Faso v. Niger (A26)................................................................................35
1
Volkenrecht 22-23 – Pauline Pittoors
, Zelfbeschikkingsrecht: D23 VN verklaring rechten inheemse volkeren.........................37
Gemeenschappelijk artikel 1, IVBPR en IVESCR.............................................................37
Inheemse volkeren........................................................................................................ 38
Kameroen (A16)......................................................................................................... 41
Ambazonia.................................................................................................................. 42
Kosovo (D24,A21)....................................................................................................... 42
Krim (D32).................................................................................................................. 44
Gemeenschappelijk belang........................................................................................... 45
fiche 5 rechtsmacht en immuniteiten............................................................47
IGH: Duitsland v. Italie (A23)......................................................................................47
UK supreme court: Reyes v Al-Malki (A28)..................................................................47
Les 6 fiche 6. Staatsaansprakelijkheid. (D19).................................................47
Tehran Hostages (A3)................................................................................................. 48
Belgie v. Senegal (A25) de zaak Hissène Habré............................................................51
Fiche 7. Geschillenbeslechting.....................................................................54
Internationaal gerechtshof............................................................................................54
Preah Vihear: Voorlopige maatregelen.......................................................................57
WTO Vaste Beroepscommissie......................................................................................58
Shrimps and Turtles (A8)............................................................................................ 59
Internationaal Strafhof (statuut 17 jul 1998) (D16).......................................................60
Internationaal Strafhof: Zaak Al Faqi Al Mahdi A27.....................................................63
Fiche 8. Duurzame ontwikkeling I..................................................................63
Preamble 2030 Agenda.................................................................................................64
Wereldhandelsorganisatie (D14)...................................................................................67
Shrimps and turtles (A8)............................................................................................. 71
Definitie van ontwikkelingslanden.................................................................................73
Enderois v. Kenya (A19)............................................................................................. 79
Fiche 9: duurzame ontwikkeling II : milieurecht.............................................80
Duurzame ontwikkeling................................................................................................. 80
Verklaring van Rio (D12) 14 jun 1992............................................................................81
Gabcikovo-Nagymaros dam project (A7)....................................................................81
Pulp Mills arrest (Argentina v. Uruguay) (A20)............................................................81
Raamverdrag van de Verenigde Naties inzake Klimaatverandering (1992) (D11).........81
Overeenkomst van parijs (D35).....................................................................................85
Raamverdrag van de VN inzake klimaatverandering.....................................................87
COP 27 Sharm- el-Sheikh (7-18 nov 2022)....................................................................87
2
Volkenrecht 22-23 – Pauline Pittoors
,Vrede en veiligheid I.....................................................................................88
Geweldverbod............................................................................................................... 88
A4 Nicaragua arrest.................................................................................................... 90
9/11............................................................................................................................ 92
Congo v. Uganda (A11) Partijen in het conflict...........................................................93
Collectieve rechtshandhaving.......................................................................................95
D10: inval van irak in Koewait....................................................................................96
R2P................................................................................................................................ 97
Burgeroorlog Libie (2011)........................................................................................... 98
Burgeroorlog Syrië.................................................................................................... 100
Protocol nopens de chemische en bacteriologische oorlog Genève, 17 juni 1925.......100
Ghouta 21 aug 2013................................................................................................. 101
UN Mission to Investigate allegations on the use of chemical weapons in Syria (13 sep
2013)........................................................................................................................... 102
Parijs 13 nov 2015.................................................................................................... 104
Resolutie Europees Parlement (2014/2567; 25 feb 2014)...........................................107
Recht op leven............................................................................................................ 109
Artikel 6(1) Internationaal Verder Burgerlijke en Politieke Rechten.............................109
Volkenrecht notities/slides
Les 1. Rohingya
The Gambia v. Myanmar
Application of the Genocide Convention
Arr 22 jul 2022 over Preliminaire bezwaren
3
Volkenrecht 22-23 – Pauline Pittoors
, Internationaal recht komt achteraf, tijdens conflict kijkt het toe
- Vb. Rusland v oekraine: rusland permanent lid veiligheidsraad m/vetorecht,
veiligheidsraad k dus n ingrijpen
Vredespaleis Den Haag
- Xue hanqin schreef dissenting opinion
- Rechters zetelen er voor 7j, maar 1x benoemd
- 2 ad hoc rechters: landen voor hof die gn rechter hebben v eigen nationaliteit,
mogen ze zelf enkel voor dt geschil ad hoc rechter toevoegen, hoeft n uw
nationaliteit te hebben
The Gambia v. Myanmar:
- The Court begins by recalling that, on 11 November 2019, the Republic of The
Gambia (hereinafter “The Gambia”) filed in the Registry of the Court an
Application instituting proceedings against the Republic of the Union of Myanmar
(hereinafter “Myanmar”) concerning alleged violations of the Convention on the
Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, adopted by the General
Assembly of the United Nations on 9 December 1948 (hereinafter the “Genocide
Convention” or the “Convention”).
In its Application, The Gambia seeks to found the Court’s jurisdiction on Article IX
of the Genocide Convention, in conjunction with Article 36, paragraph 1, of the
Statute of the Court.
On 20 January 2021, Myanmar raised preliminary objections to the jurisdiction of
the Court and the admissibility of the Application.
Gambia v myanmar: gambia meent dt myanmar genocide pleegde tg
bevolking gambia
Moet instemmen om voor hof te verschijnen, n enkel klagende maar ook
verwerende partij
Vaak meerdere arresten
Preliminaire bezwaren: “verschijnen wel maar we menen dt het hof n
bevoegd is/vinden om eender welke reden dt behandeling zaak
t/gronde jur n kan” -> opgeworpen door myanmar
Tussenarrest dt bv bepaalde maatregelen oplegt zondar uitspraak over grond
Gambia: “hof bevoegt obv art 9 genocide verdrag”
- Artikel IX Genocideverdrag: voorbeeld v een verdragsclausule:
Geschillen tussen de Verdragsluitende Partijen, de interpretatie, toepassing of
tenuitvoerlegging van dit Verdrag betreffende, met inbegrip van de geschillen,
welke betrekking hebben op de verantwoordelijkheid van een Staat voor genocide
of enig ander in artikel III genoemd feit, worden, op verzoek van een der bij het
geschil betrokken partijen, voorgelegd aan het Internationale Gerechtshof.
Als je partij GV wordt, aanvaardt je hierdoor de bevoegdheid vh hof
= verdragsclausule: zo k j oa hof bevoegd maken
- Context: meeste mensen myanmar boedhist, de rhoynja is moslim minderheid;
probleem uit kolonisme
tijdens koloniale periode (gB) hebben migratie bevordert vanuit bangladesh
(buurland), britten beloofde zelfbestuur na dekololonisatie; spanning door
manier waarop gb rhohyngja als bevoorrechte partner zag
4
Volkenrecht 22-23 – Pauline Pittoors
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