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Samenvatting Elektriciteit toepassingen (sem1)
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Het document is een gedetailleerde samenvatting van het vak elektriciteit toepassingen.
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Samenvatting Elektriciteit toepassingen2021-2022
HoGent academiejaar: 2021-2022
Jonas Van Opstal
,Inhoudsopgave
1. ENKELFASIGE SYNCHRONE GENRATOR ........................................................................................... 6
1.1 ELEKTROMAGNETISCHE INDUCTIE .......................................................................................... 6
1.2 RECHTERHANDREGEL VAN FLEMING ...................................................................................... 6
1.3 GENERATORWERKING UITGELEGD ......................................................................................... 6
1.4 OPBOUW VAN SYNCHRONE WISSELSTROOMGENERATOR..................................................... 7
1.5 FREQUNTIE VAN OPGEWEKTE EMS ......................................................................................... 8
1.6 ELEKTRISCHE GRADEN VERSUS MEETKUNDIGE GRADEN ....................................................... 8
1.7 GROOTTE VAN OPGEWEKTE ELMS .......................................................................................... 8
1.8 ANKERREACTIE ........................................................................................................................ 9
1.9 LEKFLUX ................................................................................................................................. 10
1.10 UITWENDIGE KARAKTERISTIEK WISSELSTROOMGENERATOR .............................................. 11
1.11 EQUIVALENT SCHEMA EN VECTORDIAGRAM ....................................................................... 11
1.12 SOORTEN WISSELSTROOMGENERATOREN ........................................................................... 12
1.13 VERMOGEN EN RENDEMENT ................................................................................................ 12
1.14 REGELEN VAN DE GROOTTE VAN DE OPGEWEKTE SPANNING ............................................. 13
2. DRIEFASIFE SYNCHRONE GENERATOREN ...................................................................................... 14
2.1 DREIFASESPANNING .............................................................................................................. 14
2.2 DRIEFASIGE SYNCHONE GENERATOR .................................................................................... 14
1. INLEIDING DRIEFASESPANNING .................................................................................................... 15
1.1 WAAROM WISSELSPANNING?............................................................................................... 15
1.2 WAAROM DRIEFASENSPANNING? ........................................................................................ 15
1.3 DEFINITIE DRIFASENSPANNING ............................................................................................. 15
1.4 OPWEKKING DRIEFASESPANNING ......................................................................................... 15
1.5 NAMEN VAN DE SPOELEN EN DE AANSLUITKLEMMEN ........................................................ 15
1.6 VECTOR DIAGRAM ................................................................................................................. 16
1.7 FASESPANNING EN FASESTROOM ......................................................................................... 16
1.8 EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING ................................................................................................... 16
2. DE STERSCHAKELING ..................................................................................................................... 17
2.1 OPBOUW STERSCHAKELING .................................................................................................. 17
2.2 VERBAND TUSSEN LIJN- EN FASESTROOM ............................................................................ 17
2.3 VERBAND TUSSEN LIJN- EN FASESPANNING ......................................................................... 17
2.4 AANSLUITEN VERBRUIKERS OP EEN 4 GELEIDERNET ............................................................ 18
3. DRIEHOEKSSCHAKELING ................................................................................................................ 18
3.1 OPBOUW DRIEHOEKSCHAKELING ......................................................................................... 18
3.2 VERBAND TUSSEN LIJN- EN FASESTROOM ............................................................................ 19
, 3.3 VERAND LIJN- EN FASESPANNING ......................................................................................... 19
3.4 AANSLUITEN VERBRUIKERS OP EEN 3 GELEIDERNET ............................................................ 19
4. HOOGSPANNINGSLIJNEN .............................................................................................................. 19
4.1 WAT IS EEN HOOSPANNINGSLIJN? ........................................................................................ 19
4.2 HOOGSPANNING VOLGENS HET AREI ................................................................................... 19
4.3 NETBEHEERDER ELIA ............................................................................................................. 19
4.4 OPBOUW HOOGSPANNINGSMAST ....................................................................................... 20
4.5 WAAKDRAAD ......................................................................................................................... 20
4.6 DRAADSTEL ............................................................................................................................ 20
4.7 GELEIDERS ............................................................................................................................. 21
4.8 ISOLATOREN .......................................................................................................................... 21
4.9 DRAADSTELPLAAT.................................................................................................................. 21
4.10 VEILIGHEIDSGRENSPLAAT ..................................................................................................... 21
4.11 ASPECTEN VEILIGHEID BIJ HS ................................................................................................ 22
4.12 DC NETTEN............................................................................................................................. 22
5. DRIEFASIGE WISSELSTROOMKETENS ............................................................................................ 23
5.1 SOORTEN BELASTINGEN IN STER........................................................................................... 23
5.2 BELASTING IN STER OP EEN DRIEGELIDERNET IN STER ......................................................... 23
5.3 BELASTING IN DRIEHOEK OP EEN DRIEGELIDERNET IN STER ................................................ 24
5.4 BELASTING IN STER OP EEN DRIEGELEIDERNET IN DRIEHOEK .............................................. 24
5.5 BELASTING IN DIREHOEK OP EEN DRIGELEIDERNET IN DRIEHOEK ....................................... 24
6. DISTRIBUTIENETTEN ...................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 INDELING DISTRIBUTIENETTEN ............................................................................................. 25
6.2 TT-NET ................................................................................................................................... 25
6.3 TN-S NET ................................................................................................................................ 26
6.4 TN-C NET ................................................................................................................................ 26
6.5 TN-C-S NET............................................................................................................................. 26
6.6 IT-NET .................................................................................................................................... 27
6.7 FOUTEN IN DE NETTEN .......................................................................................................... 27
6.8 VEILIGHEIDSAARDELEKTRODE ............................................................................................... 28
6.9 AANRAKINGSVEILIGHEID ....................................................................................................... 28
6.10 KORTSLUITING IN TT-NET ...................................................................................................... 29
6.11 KORTSLUITING OP TN-C-S NET .............................................................................................. 30
7. VERMOGENS BIJ 3F NETTEN .......................................................................................................... 31
7.1 DEFINITE EN AANDUIDING .................................................................................................... 31
7.2 ACTIEF VERMOGEN BIJ EEN NIET-EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING ............................................. 31
, 7.3 ACTIEF VERMOGEN BIJ EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING ............................................................. 31
7.4 METEN VAN ACTIEF VERMOGEN NET MET 4 GELEIDERS ...................................................... 32
7.5 METEN VAN ACTIEF VERMOGEN NET MET 3 GELEIDERS ...................................................... 32
7.6 REACTIEF VERMOGEN BIJ EEN NIET-EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING ......................................... 33
7.7 REACTIEF VERMOGEN BIJ EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING ......................................................... 33
7.8 SCHIJNBAAR VERMOGEN BIJ NIET-EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING ........................................... 33
7.9 SCHIJNBAAR VERMOGEN BIJ EVENWICHTIGE BELASTING .................................................... 33
7.10 ARBEIDSFACTOR .................................................................................................................... 34
7.11 VERBETEREN ARBEIDSFACTOR .............................................................................................. 34
1. HERHALING BASISKENNIS .............................................................................................................. 35
1.1 BEGRIP ZELFINDUCTIE ........................................................................................................... 35
1.2 WET VAN FARADAY ............................................................................................................... 35
1.3 WET VAN LENZ ...................................................................................................................... 35
1.4 ZELFINDUCTIECOEFFCIENT L ................................................................................................. 36
1.5 GEDRAG SPOEL BIJ WISSELSPANNING .................................................................................. 36
1.6 WEDERZIJDSE INDUCTIE ........................................................................................................ 36
1.7 WERVELSTROOMVERLIEZEN ................................................................................................. 37
1.8 HYSTERESISIVERLIEZEN.......................................................................................................... 37
1.9 MAGNETISCHE VERLIEZEN..................................................................................................... 37
1.10 WET VAN HOPKINSON........................................................................................................... 37
2. EENFASIGE TRANSFORMATOREN.................................................................................................. 38
2.1 OPBOUW EN DOEL VAN TRANSFORMATOR ......................................................................... 38
2.2 WERKING IDEALE TRANSFO BIJ NULLAST .............................................................................. 38
2.3 WERKING REELE TRANSFO BIJ NULLAST................................................................................ 39
2.4 WERKING REELE BELASTER TRANSFORMATOR ..................................................................... 39
2.5 LEKFLUX EN KOPEVERLIEZEN ................................................................................................. 40
2.6 VERVANGSCHEMA EENFASIGE TRANSFORMATOR ............................................................... 41
2.7 VERMOGEN ........................................................................................................................... 41
2.8 RENDEMENT .......................................................................................................................... 41
2.9 KORTSLUITPROEF VAN TRANSFO .......................................................................................... 42
2.10 PARALLELSCHAKELEN VAN TRANSFORMATOREN ................................................................. 42
2.11 SERIE EN PARALLELSCHAKELEN VAN WIKKELINGEN ............................................................. 43
3. DRIEFASIGE TRANSFORMATOREN................................................................................................. 43
3.1 SAMENSTELLING .................................................................................................................... 43
3.2 SPANNING, STROMEN EN VERMOGENS ............................................................................... 43
3.3 SCHAKELMOGELIJKHEDEN..................................................................................................... 44
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