Summary
Samenvatting Biologische Psychologie 2
- Course
- Institution
Uitgebreide samenvatting van Biologische Psychologie 2, gegeven door prof. Baetens.
[Show more]
Seller
Followaxanad
Reviews received
Content preview
Samenvatting biologischepsychologie II
,Inhoudsopgave
HOOFDSTUK 1: INLEIDING ................................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 SITUERING VAN DE CURSUS .................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 NETWERKSTRUCTUEN: VOORBEELDEN .................................................................................................................... 6
1.3 NETWERKSTRUCTUREN: LATERALE INHIBITIE .......................................................................................................... 10
HOOFDSTUK 2: ZINTUIGEN ............................................................................................................................. 10
2.1 DEFINITIE ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.2 DISSOCIATIE.................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.3 KLASSIEKE DEFINITIES ........................................................................................................................................ 12
2.4 RECEPTOREN................................................................................................................................................... 12
2.5 ESSENTIËLE ONDERDELEN OM TE KUNNEN SPREKEN VAN EEN ZINTUIG ......................................................................... 12
2.5.1. Gespecialiseerde cellen ...................................................................................................................... 12
2.5.2. Sensorische receptor .......................................................................................................................... 13
2.5.3. Gespecialiseerde verwerking: ............................................................................................................ 13
2.5.4. Codering ............................................................................................................................................. 15
2.6. VERWEVENHEID WAARNEMING EN HANDELEN ...................................................................................................... 16
2.7 TROXLER EFFECT .............................................................................................................................................. 16
HOOFDSTUK 3: ZICHT ..................................................................................................................................... 17
3.1. HET OOG....................................................................................................................................................... 17
3.1.1 De stimulus: licht ................................................................................................................................. 17
3.1.2 Anatomie van het oog......................................................................................................................... 20
3.1.3 De retina ............................................................................................................................................. 23
3.1.4 Centraal en perifeer zicht .................................................................................................................... 31
3.2 HERSENREGIO’S BETROKKEN BIJ VISUELE PROCESSEN ............................................................................................... 34
3.2.1 Overzicht van het visueel circuit ......................................................................................................... 34
3.2.2 LGN ..................................................................................................................................................... 38
3.2.3. Cortex striata ..................................................................................................................................... 38
3.2.4 Cortex extrastriata .............................................................................................................................. 40
3.3 KLEURPERCEPTIE .............................................................................................................................................. 41
3.3.1. Ganglioncellen: licht en donker (= waarneming van helderheid) ...................................................... 41
3.3.2. Rol van de retina (waarneming van tint) ........................................................................................... 46
3.3.3. Cortex striata ..................................................................................................................................... 51
3.3.4 Cortex extrastriata .............................................................................................................................. 51
3.4. VORMPERCEPTIE............................................................................................................................................. 54
3.4.1. Spatiale frequentie ............................................................................................................................. 54
3.4.2. Cortex striata ..................................................................................................................................... 64
3.4.3. Cortex extrastriata ............................................................................................................................. 64
3.5. PERCEPTIE VAN SPATIALE LOCATIE ...................................................................................................................... 68
3.6. PERCEPTIE VAN ORIËNTATIE EN BEWEGING ........................................................................................................... 71
3.7. SAMENVATTING.............................................................................................................................................. 73
HOOFDSTUK 4: GEHOOR ................................................................................................................................ 75
4.1. DE STIMULUS: GELUID...................................................................................................................................... 75
4.2. ANATOMIE VAN HET OOR ................................................................................................................................. 77
4.3. HAARCELLEN EN TRANSDUCTIE .......................................................................................................................... 81
HOOFDSTUK 5: EVENWICHT ........................................................................................................................... 93
5.1. ANATOMIE VAN HET VESTIBULAIR SYSTEEM .......................................................................................................... 93
5.2. HET VESTIBULAIRE CIRCUIT................................................................................................................................ 95
5.3. SAMENVATTING.............................................................................................................................................. 98
HOOFDSTUK 6: VOELEN (TAST) ....................................................................................................................... 99
6.1. DE STIMULI.................................................................................................................................................... 99
6.2. ANATOMIE VAN DE HUID .................................................................................................................................. 99
, 6.3. STIMULATIE VAN DE HUID ............................................................................................................................... 102
6.4. HET SOMATOSENSORISCHE CIRCUIT .................................................................................................................. 104
6.5. PIJN ........................................................................................................................................................... 107
HOOFDSTUK 7: SMAAK................................................................................................................................. 112
7.1. DE STIMULI.................................................................................................................................................. 112
7.2. ANATOMIE VAN DE SMAAKPAPILLEN EN SMAAKCELLEN ......................................................................................... 112
7.3. SMAAKPERCEPTIE.......................................................................................................................................... 113
7.4. HET SMAAKCIRCUIT ....................................................................................................................................... 114
HOOFDSTUK 8: GEUR ................................................................................................................................... 115
8.1. INLEIDING.................................................................................................................................................... 115
8.2. DE STIMULUS ............................................................................................................................................... 115
8.3. ANATOMIE VAN HET OLFACTIEVE APPARAAT ....................................................................................................... 116
8.4. TRANSDUCTIE .............................................................................................................................................. 118
HOOFDSTUK 9: MOTORIEK ........................................................................................................................... 121
9.1. INLEIDING.................................................................................................................................................... 121
9.2. SKELETSPIEREN (= GESTREEPTE SPIEREN) ........................................................................................................... 121
9.4. MOTORIEK EN HET BREIN................................................................................................................................ 133
9.4.3. De motorische associatiecortex ....................................................................................................... 136
9.4.4. Subcorticale structuren .................................................................................................................... 141
9.5. COMPLEXE MOTORIEK.................................................................................................................................... 155
9.5.1. Spiegelneuronen .............................................................................................................................. 155
9.5.2 Corollary Discharge ........................................................................................................................... 159
HOOFDSTUK 10: SLAAP EN BIOLOGISCHE RITMES ........................................................................................ 162
10.1. INLEIDING.................................................................................................................................................. 162
10.2. WAT IS SLAAP? .......................................................................................................................................... 163
10.2.1. Slaapstadia .................................................................................................................................... 163
10.2.2. Hersenactiviteit tijdens de slaap .................................................................................................... 170
10.3. WAAROM SLAPEN WE? ................................................................................................................................ 171
10.3.1. Functies van de SWS-slaap ............................................................................................................ 171
10.3.2 Functies van de REM-slaap ............................................................................................................. 174
10.3.3 Slaap en leren ................................................................................................................................. 174
10.4. FYSIOLOGISCHE SLAAP-/WAAKMECHANISMES ................................................................................................... 176
10.4.1 Neurale controle van slaap ............................................................................................................. 176
10.5. SLAAPSTOORNISSEN .................................................................................................................................... 193
10.5.1. Insomnie ........................................................................................................................................ 193
10.5.2 Narcolepsie ..................................................................................................................................... 195
10.5.3. REM-slaap gedragsstoornis ........................................................................................................... 197
10.5.4 SWS problemen ............................................................................................................................... 197
10.6. BIOLOGISCHE KLOKKEN ................................................................................................................................ 197
10.6.1. Circadiaanse ritmes ....................................................................................................................... 197
10.6.2 Nucleus suprachiamsaticus ............................................................................................................. 199
10.6.3 Pijnappelklein en melatonine .......................................................................................................... 202
10.6.4. Shiften en jet lag ............................................................................................................................ 202
HOOFDSTUK 11: STRESS ............................................................................................................................... 203
11.1. INLEIDING.................................................................................................................................................. 203
11.1.1 De Stress-respons ............................................................................................................................ 203
11.2 FYSIOLOGIE................................................................................................................................................. 205
11.2.1 De Stress-respons ............................................................................................................................ 205
11.3 STRESS EN EVOLUTIE ..................................................................................................................................... 208
11.3.1 Parallellen tussen soorten ............................................................................................................... 208
Evolutie: ..................................................................................................................................................... 208
11.3.2 Trade-offs ........................................................................................................................................ 208
, 11.3.3 Stress en vroege ervaringen ............................................................................................................ 209
11.3.4 Prenatale stress .............................................................................................................................. 210
11.3.5 De rol van zorg ................................................................................................................................ 211
11.4 STRESS, DE MENS EN PSYCHOPATHOLOGIE ........................................................................................................ 212
11.4.1 Impact op hippocampus.................................................................................................................. 212
11.4.2 Adaptiviteit van de stressrespons ................................................................................................... 212
11.4.3 Invloeden op mentale stress ........................................................................................................... 213
11.4.4 Psychopathologie ............................................................................................................................ 213
11.4.5 Adaptiviteit revisited ....................................................................................................................... 214
11.4.6 Lange termijn gezondheidseffecten ................................................................................................ 214
11.4.7 Psycho-neuro-immunologie ............................................................................................................ 215
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller axanad. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.98. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79373 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now