This is a summary (2021) of the course Business, Technology & Innovation (825036-B-6) from the study program Communication- and Information Sciences (CIS) of Tilburg University.
Invention vs innovation
Invention: the creation of a thing or ability for the first time
Innovation: using that thing/ability to create impact the process of
applying/implementing something new and useful (what can people do
with it, why is it useful and how people can use it (in the market)?)
Innovation process
1. Exploration: getting ideas/thinking of solutions etc.
- Trigger events: trigger innovations in organizations competitors, creativity etc.
- Idea triggers: idea developed in the organization lone ranger (individual), R&D (research &
development), open innovation (invite others)
2. Exploitation
- Business model
3. Diffusion
- Innovation spread
Innovation
Group process
Idea object practice
1000-100-10-rule: 1000 ideas, 100 useable, 10 concepts, 1 product
Innovation funnel: process from ideation to practice from many ideas to few innovations
in practice
Innovations don’t need to be a physical product: finance, process, offering (product
performance etc.), delivery (customer experience etc.) innovations
Innovation types
1. Product/service innovation: clearly defined product/service, brings incremental or disruptive
change, requires an existing market (for example: supermarket delivery services)
2. Process innovation: the application or introduction of a new technology or method for doing
something that helps an organization remain competitive and meet customer demands (for
example: Netflix)
3. Business model innovation ways to make money
4. Paradigm innovation redo organization’s strategy
Dichotomous typologies: incremental vs disruptive/radical innovations
,Matrix typology – Abernathy & Clark (1985)
Niche: disrupts new market & conserves existing technology
Revolutionary: conserves existing market & disrupts new technology
Architectural: disrupts both new ones
Regular: conserves both existing ones
Closed vs open innovations
Closed innovation smart people work for us, discover it ourselves to be the first to bring it
to the market, if we create the most and best ideas we will win
Open innovation not only smart people also bright workers in the company, we don’t
have to originate the research to profit from it, if we make the best use of internal and
external ideas we will win (for example: crowdsourcing)
Crowdsourcing
Crowdsourcing: special type of user innovation in that it is usually based on large group of
people who can contribute it is involving potentially in the world to do innovation for you.
You have a question that you want to solve, which you put out and you hope somebody will
solve it.
Types:
- Knowledge discovery & management: gathering and processing info into something new
(for example: Wikipedia)
- Broadcast search: finding a single specialist/solution to the problem
- Peer-vetted creative production: creating something new with the help of an audience (for
example: crowdfunding)
- Distributed human intelligence tasking: processing data through humans that computers
can’t do
HOORCOLLEGE 3
, S-curves
S-curves: explain when you’ve reached the limit of technology
S-shape: first it takes a lot of effort to get it off the ground you have to invest a lot of
money when it’s introduced it gets easier a lot of people adopt it endstage: it get’s
more and more harder to innovate
A new innovation can start a new S-curve and replace the old one
Diffusion of innovation
Rogers
diffusion: the
process by
which an
innovation is
communicated through certain channels over time along the members of a
social system
Critical mass/chasm: There is a chams because early adaptors are really
enthusiastic about technology (they think it’s cool), early majority are way
more pragmatic (the use the innovation because it’s useful, this is also
the case with late majority and laggards, there are more sceptical people).
Hype cycle: Diffusion/innovation process that sees innovation not as a
linear process but as an adoption process with ups and downs. It also
attaches a time period to each innovation until plateau of productivity is
reached.
Diffusion:
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