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Samenvatting van alle colleges Global History
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Summary History of Early Modern Societies
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Global HistoryInhoudsopgave
Lecture 1; Eurocentrism, global history.......................................................................................................... 3
Tutorial 1; Eurocentrism, Globalizing & Ethnocentrism...................................................................................5
Questions..............................................................................................................................................................5
Herhaling..............................................................................................................................................................5
Tutorial 2; The World, 1000-1300................................................................................................................... 6
Questions..............................................................................................................................................................6
Toename wereldhandel........................................................................................................................................6
Afrika....................................................................................................................................................................7
De Islam................................................................................................................................................................7
Wetenschappelijke bronnen.................................................................................................................................7
Tutorial 3; Crisis and recovery, 1300-1500...................................................................................................... 8
Questions..............................................................................................................................................................8
Lecture 2; Trade routes and exploring (1500-1600).........................................................................................9
Eurasian trade on the road..................................................................................................................................9
Global explorations..............................................................................................................................................9
Mercantilism......................................................................................................................................................10
Exploring the world............................................................................................................................................11
Slave trade and Africa........................................................................................................................................12
Tutorial 4; Trade and Colonization, 1500-1600..............................................................................................13
Meest bijgebleven week 1..................................................................................................................................13
Tutorial 5; Mercantilism............................................................................................................................... 14
Questions............................................................................................................................................................14
Recap; tutorial 4.................................................................................................................................................15
De 5 principes van mercantilisme......................................................................................................................15
Tutorial 6; Revolutions and power shift........................................................................................................ 16
Questions............................................................................................................................................................16
Lecture 3; The colonial world, 1850-1945..................................................................................................... 18
What is Colonization?........................................................................................................................................18
India....................................................................................................................................................................18
Colonization of Africa.........................................................................................................................................19
General effects of colonization...........................................................................................................................19
Decolonization....................................................................................................................................................20
,Tutorial 7; Imperialism................................................................................................................................. 22
Questions............................................................................................................................................................22
Recap..................................................................................................................................................................22
Industriële revolutie...........................................................................................................................................23
Oriëntalisme.......................................................................................................................................................23
Soorten koloniën................................................................................................................................................23
The white man’s burden.....................................................................................................................................24
Tutorial 8; Modernization and cultural change.............................................................................................25
Questions............................................................................................................................................................25
Modern...............................................................................................................................................................26
Cultural change by intent...................................................................................................................................26
Defensive modernization;..................................................................................................................................27
The Great Mutiny India.....................................................................................................................................27
Tutorial 9; Opstanden.................................................................................................................................. 28
Questions............................................................................................................................................................28
Begrippen...........................................................................................................................................................29
Antikolonialisme in het Midden-Oosten.............................................................................................................29
Lecture 4; Freedom of equality 1945-1990.................................................................................................... 31
After the second world war................................................................................................................................31
The three-world order........................................................................................................................................31
New world order?...............................................................................................................................................33
Globalization......................................................................................................................................................34
Tutorial 10; Nationalisme............................................................................................................................. 35
Recap..................................................................................................................................................................36
Tutorial 11; Representations........................................................................................................................ 37
Filmpje Joris Luyendijk........................................................................................................................................37
Global History Concepten............................................................................................................................. 39
Week 1................................................................................................................................................................39
Week 2................................................................................................................................................................39
Week 3................................................................................................................................................................41
Week 4................................................................................................................................................................41
Oefenvragen................................................................................................................................................ 43
,Lecture 1; Eurocentrism, global history
Door media en literatuur worden wij als mensen beïnvloed over het beeld van de hele
wereld. Vaak worden dingen veel grootser en negatiever gebracht en hebben we het idee
dat de wereld veel slechter is dan hij daadwerkelijk is.
What is Eurocentrism?
Eurocentrism is the whole of (world) views and perspectives in which economic,
political, cultural, and moral dominance of Europe (or the West) is taken for granted.
In this perspective it is assumed that Europe had achieved this dominance on its own
autonomous power.
We moeten er niet vanuit gaan dat het Westen het enige perspectief is, je hebt ook het
Arabische en het Chinese perspectief bijvoorbeeld.
Media kan het beeld van eurocentrisme versterken
Eurocentric periodisation:
Greek history
Roman history
The rise of Christianity
The Middle Ages
Renaissance
Enlightenment
Industrial Revolution
The rise of nation state and modernity
Modern Western democracies and societies
It is from within Europe the history that we have been teaching, how did Europe gain power
of the rest of the world. Other cultures are not included like the Indian empires and Mongol
empires are in the Middle Ages but it’s not a century without knowledge.
What is Eurocentrism in opposites
The West The Rest
Rationeel Emotioneel
Gedisciplineerd Spontaan
Volwassen Kinderlijk
Progressief Stagnatie
Nieuwe uitvingen/creatief Imitatie
Eurocentric geographical perception of the world
We made Europe and the rest above the equator bigger on the maps then everything
under the equator.
, Why Global History?
History and the social sciences share two ‘birth defects’ that global historians aim to repair
1) Modern academic disciplines were deeply Eurocentric. They placed European
developments in the foreground and saw Europe as the driving force of world
history.
2) For a long time, socials sciences and history national. They looked at their own
country and history and not at the bigger picture.
What is global history?
Long-term perspectives (100-200 years or more)
Anti-Eurocentric history
Beyond ‘national’ histories
A history from below
Global history is Macro-History:
A history of regions rather than national states
A history of cultures/religions/peoples rather than rulers
A history of interaction rather than autonomy
Global history: interaction, encounters, and diffusion (Tignor/curtin)
- Diffusion; process of geographical distribution of culture elements (language,
religion, music, food, ideas/ideologies). Cultures have always been in contact with
each other and mutually affected one another.
- In short, cultures are not billiard balls.
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