Summary

Samenvatting Anatomie en Fysiologie - BMLT1 - Hogent

Name: Anatomie en Fysiologie - BMLT1 - Hogent
SKU: doc_2226989
Rating: 5.00 (3 reviews)
Author: mltmdk

3 reviews

339 views 11 purchases

Course
Anatomie En Fysiologie

Institution
Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)

Samenvatting van het boek 'algemene menselijke anatomie en fysiologie' Samenvatting van de cursus en slides van Anatomie en fysiologie gegeven door Ancy Leroy in de eerste bach BMLT

[Show more]

Preview 8 out of 55 pages

View example

Uploaded on January 6, 2023
Number of pages 55
Written in 2022/2023
Type Summary

anatomie
bmlt
biomedische
laboratoriumtechnologie
fysiologie
ancy leroy
algemene menselijke anatomie en fysiologie
dr apr ancy leroy

Institution
Hogeschool Gent (HoGent)
Education
Biomedische Laboratoriumtechnologie
Course
Anatomie En Fysiologie

3 reviews

By: esteeseynaeve • 8 months ago

By: yolandaaliyan2004 • 11 months ago

By: AmirahSengendo • 1 year ago

Translated by Google

I was actually wondering if you were through with your summary on her exam?

mltmdk

Member since 4 year 147 documents sold

$9.09

Also available in package deal from $21.93

Add to cart

Add to wishlist

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

Also available in package deal (1)

Semester 1 BMLT1 - Hogent

$ 37.40 $ 21.93

7x sold

5 items

1. Summary - Fysica - bmlt 1 - hogent
2. Summary - Celbiologie 1 -bmlt1 - hogent
3. Summary - Wiskunde - bmlt1 - hogent
4. Summary - Anatomie en fysiologie - bmlt1 - hogent
5. Summary - Lijst te kennen hormonen - anatomie en fysiologie - bmlt 1e bach
Show more

Anatomie en fysiologie
Inhoud
Hoofdstuk 0: Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
Anatomie....................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Opbouw menselijk lichaam ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Fysiologie ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6
Indeling van het lichaam ........................................................................................................................................... 6
Topografie ................................................................................................................................................................. 6
Hoofdstuk 1: het skelet ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1. Kraakbeenweefsel en beenweefsel ....................................................................................................................... 6
Samenstelling kraakbeen .......................................................................................................................................... 7
Soorten kraakbeen .................................................................................................................................................... 7
Functies van kraakbeenweefsel ................................................................................................................................ 7
Samenstelling beenweefsel ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Soorten beencellen ................................................................................................................................................... 7
Functies beenweefsel ............................................................................................................................................... 8
1.2. Het skelet ............................................................................................................................................................... 8
De wervelkolom ........................................................................................................................................................ 9
Bouw wervel ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
De ribben................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Borstbeen .................................................................................................................................................................. 9
Schoudergordel ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Bekkengordel/pelvis................................................................................................................................................ 10
Onderste ledematen ............................................................................................................................................... 10
Beenderen van de schedel ...................................................................................................................................... 10
1.3. Gewrichten ........................................................................................................................................................... 10
Hoofdstuk 2: Het spierstelsel .......................................................................................................................................... 10
2.1. Soorten spierweefsel ........................................................................................................................................... 11
2.2. Spiercontractie ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
Stappen bij spiercontractie ..................................................................................................................................... 11
Hoofdstuk 3: het zenuwstelsel........................................................................................................................................ 12
3.1. Indeling zenuwstelsel ........................................................................................................................................... 12
Anatomische indeling.............................................................................................................................................. 13
Fysiologische indeling ............................................................................................................................................. 13
3.2. Cellen van het zenuwstelsel ................................................................................................................................. 13
Zenuwcel/neuron .................................................................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Het centraal zenuwstelsel (CZS) ........................................................................................................................... 13
Meningen/hersenvliezen (van buiten naar binnen) ............................................................................................... 13

, Liquor cerebrospinalis ............................................................................................................................................. 14
Vascularisatie van de hersenen .............................................................................................................................. 14
De hersenen ............................................................................................................................................................ 14
3.4. Het perifeer zenuwstelsel (PZS) ........................................................................................................................... 16
Hersenzenuwen ...................................................................................................................................................... 16
Ruggenmergzenuwen ............................................................................................................................................. 17
3.5. Fysiologie van het zenuwstelsel ........................................................................................................................... 17
Prikkelgeleiding ....................................................................................................................................................... 17
Prikkeloverdracht .................................................................................................................................................... 18
3.6. Autonoom zenuwstelsel (= vegetatief, onbewust) .............................................................................................. 19
Sympathisch zenuwstelsel ...................................................................................................................................... 19
Parasympatisch zenuwstelsel ................................................................................................................................. 19
Neurotransmitters .................................................................................................................................................. 19
Hoofdstuk ........................................................................................................................................................................ 20
4.1. Het hart ................................................................................................................................................................ 21
De hartwand............................................................................................................................................................ 21
Het hart ................................................................................................................................................................... 21
De hartkleppen ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
Fysiologie v/h hart................................................................................................................................................... 22
De hartcyclus ........................................................................................................................................................... 22
Regeling van de hartactie........................................................................................................................................ 23
4.2. Bloedvaten ........................................................................................................................................................... 23
Bouw bloedvaten .................................................................................................................................................... 23
Functies ................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Controle van de bloeddruk ..................................................................................................................................... 24
4.3. Bloedomloop ........................................................................................................................................................ 25
De grote bloedsomloop .......................................................................................................................................... 25
De kleine bloedsomloop ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Hoofdstuk 5: Het lymfevatenstelsel ................................................................................................................................ 25
5.1. Het lymfevatenstelsel ..................................................................................................................................... 25
De lymfe .................................................................................................................................................................. 25
Lymfevaten.............................................................................................................................................................. 26
Systematiek v/h lymfevatenstelsel ......................................................................................................................... 26
5.2. Thymus/ zwezerik ........................................................................................................................................... 26
5.3. Lymfeklieren.................................................................................................................................................... 26
5.4. Milt .................................................................................................................................................................. 26
5.5. Plaques van Peyer ............................................................................................................................................... 26
Hoofdstuk 6: het ademhalingsstelsel .............................................................................................................................. 27
6.1. De extrapulmonale luchtwegen ........................................................................................................................... 27

, De neus en de neusholten ...................................................................................................................................... 27
De pharynx of keelholte .......................................................................................................................................... 27
De larynx of het strottenhoofd ............................................................................................................................... 27
De trachea of luchtpijp............................................................................................................................................ 27
6.2. De longen ............................................................................................................................................................. 28
Bronchiale boom ..................................................................................................................................................... 28
De alveoli................................................................................................................................................................. 28
6.3. De pleura .............................................................................................................................................................. 29
6.4. De ademhaling ..................................................................................................................................................... 29
Pulmonale ventilatie ............................................................................................................................................... 29
De gasuitwisseling ................................................................................................................................................... 29
Transport van gassen in bloed ................................................................................................................................ 30
Regulering v/d ademhaling ..................................................................................................................................... 30
Hoofdstuk 7: het spijsverteringsstelsel ........................................................................................................................... 31
7.1. De mond ............................................................................................................................................................... 31
Het gehemelte (= palatum) ..................................................................................................................................... 31
De tong (= lingua) .................................................................................................................................................... 31
De tanden ................................................................................................................................................................ 31
7.2. Keelholte of pharynx ............................................................................................................................................ 32
7.3. De slokdarm of oesophagus ................................................................................................................................. 32
7.4. De maag ............................................................................................................................................................... 32
Macroscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................ 32
Microscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................. 32
7.5. De dunne darm .................................................................................................................................................... 32
Macroscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................ 32
Microscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................. 33
7.6. Dikke darm ........................................................................................................................................................... 33
Macroscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................ 33
Microscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................. 33
7.7. De pancreas.......................................................................................................................................................... 34
7.8. De lever ................................................................................................................................................................ 34
Macroscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................ 34
Microscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................. 34
7.9. Galblaas + galwegen............................................................................................................................................. 34
7.10 Fysiologie v/d voeding ........................................................................................................................................ 34
Speekselklieren ....................................................................................................................................................... 34
De tong en het gebit ............................................................................................................................................... 35
De pharynx of keelholte .......................................................................................................................................... 35
Oesphagus of slokdarm........................................................................................................................................... 35

, De maag .................................................................................................................................................................. 35
De lever ................................................................................................................................................................... 35
De pancreas............................................................................................................................................................. 36
De dunne darm ....................................................................................................................................................... 37
Opname van voedingsstoffen ................................................................................................................................. 38
Hoofdstuk 8: het uitscheidingsstelsel ............................................................................................................................. 39
8.1. De nieren .............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Macroscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................ 39
Microscopische bouw ............................................................................................................................................. 39
8.2. Organen die de urine afvoeren ............................................................................................................................ 40
De ureter ................................................................................................................................................................. 40
De blaas ................................................................................................................................................................... 40
De urethra ............................................................................................................................................................... 40
8.3. De urine ................................................................................................................................................................ 40
De glomerulaire filtratie .......................................................................................................................................... 40
Terugresorptie en secretie ...................................................................................................................................... 40
Hoofdstuk 9: het endocrien stelsel ................................................................................................................................. 42
9.1. Hypothalamus-hypofyse ...................................................................................................................................... 42
Bloedvoorziening .................................................................................................................................................... 42
Hypothalamus ......................................................................................................................................................... 42
Adenohypofyse ....................................................................................................................................................... 43
Neurohypofyse ........................................................................................................................................................ 44
9.2. Schildklier ............................................................................................................................................................. 44
Schildklierhormonen ............................................................................................................................................... 44
9.3. Bijschildklier ......................................................................................................................................................... 45
9.4. Corpus pineale ..................................................................................................................................................... 45
9.5. Bijnieren ............................................................................................................................................................... 45
9.6. Eilandjes van Langerhans ..................................................................................................................................... 46
9.7. Geslachtshormonen ............................................................................................................................................. 47
9.8. Weefselhormonen ............................................................................................................................................... 47
Hoofdstuk 10: het zintuigenstelsel ................................................................................................................................. 48
Gevoelszintuigen ......................................................................................................................................................... 48
Pijnzin ...................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Tast-of drukzin ........................................................................................................................................................ 48
Temperatuur zin...................................................................................................................................................... 48
10.2. Gezichtszintuig ................................................................................................................................................... 48
De oogkassen .......................................................................................................................................................... 48
De oogbol ................................................................................................................................................................ 49
Optische banen ....................................................................................................................................................... 50

, 10.3. Het smaakzintuig................................................................................................................................................ 50
10.4. Het reukzintuig ................................................................................................................................................... 50
10.5. Het gehoorzintuig .............................................................................................................................................. 50
Het uitwendige oor ................................................................................................................................................. 50
Middenoor of trommelholte ................................................................................................................................... 51
Het binnenoor ......................................................................................................................................................... 51
10.6. Het evenwichtszintuig ........................................................................................................................................ 51
Vestibulum met utriculus en sacculus .................................................................................................................... 51
Halfcirkelvormige kanalen ...................................................................................................................................... 51
Hoofdstuk 11: het voortplantingsstelsel ......................................................................................................................... 52
11.1. Het vrouwelijk voortplantingsstelsel ................................................................................................................. 52
Ovarium of de eierstokken...................................................................................................................................... 52
Tuba uterina ............................................................................................................................................................ 53
De vagina ................................................................................................................................................................. 54
11.2. Mannelijk voortplanting stelsel ......................................................................................................................... 54
De testis of de teelbal ............................................................................................................................................. 54
Epididymis of bijbal ................................................................................................................................................. 54
Ductus deferens of zaadleider ................................................................................................................................ 55
Accessoire klieren v/h mannelijke genitale stelsel ................................................................................................. 55

,Hoofdstuk 0: Inleiding
Anatomie
= wetenschap van VORM en BOUW menselijk lichaam

• Macroscopisch = blote oog
• Microscopisch = lichtmicroscoop
• Submicroscopisch = elektronenmicroscoop

Opbouw menselijk lichaam
1. Orgaanstelsel bv. Spijsverteringsstelsel
2. Organen bv. Darmen
3. Weefsels bv. Gladspierweefsel ➔ histologie
4. Cellen bv. Spiercellen ➔ cytologie

Fysiologie
= wetenschap van normale WERKING en EIGENSCHAPPEN van lichaam

• Werking van organen
• Wijze waarop organen elkaar beïnvloeden
• Lichamelijke reacties op de omgeving

Levensverrichtingen a. Vegetatieve verrichtingen = onwillekeurig, onbewust

 Autonoom zenuwstelsel ((para)sympathisch) + endocrien stelsel (hormoonstelsel)

b. Animale verrichtingen = willekeurig, bewust

 Centraal en perifeer zenuwstelsel

Indeling van het lichaam
• Anatomisch = hoofd, hals, romp en ledematen
• Fysiologisch = organenstelsels (bv. Skelet, spierstelsel,….)

Topografie
= beschrijft de ligging van de lichaamsstructuren t.o.v. elkaar

Ventraal Naar voren toe / buikzijde Caudaal Naar de bekken toe
Dorsaal Naar achter toe / rugzijde Posterior Naar achter
Proximaal Dichter bij de romp Anterior Naar voor
Distaal Van romp weg Superior Hoger
Craniaal Naar hoofd toe Inferior Lager
Mediaal Naar midden toe Superficieel Oppervlakkig
Lateraal Naar zijvlakken toe Profundus Diep gelegen
Externus Buitenzijde Internus Binnenzijde
Sagittaal Lichaam in linkerdeel en rechterdeel Frontaal Lichaam in voorste en achterste deel
Transversaal Lichaam bovenste en onderste deel

Hoofdstuk 1: het skelet
1.1. Kraakbeenweefsel en beenweefsel

,Samenstelling kraakbeen
𝜖 Chondrocyten = kraakbeencellen ➔➔➔➔➔➔ matrix/chondrine ➔➔➔➔➔➔➔ ➔➔➔ a. collageenvezels
in gevormd door b. hyaluronzuur

Voeding uit gewrichtsvocht = synoviaal vocht
Omgeven door kraakbeenvlies = perichondrium

➔ Geen BV of zenuwcellen

Soorten kraakbeen
a. Hyalien/glasachtig kraakbeen (bv. Bij ribben)
b. Elastisch kraakbeen (bv. Bij oren)
c. Vezelig kraakbeen (bv. Tussen de ruggenwervels)

Functies van kraakbeenweefsel
a. Elasticiteit of samendrukbaarheid
b. Gladheid
c. Schokdempend vermogen

Samenstelling beenweefsel

Proximale epifyse BUITEN
Kraakbeen
Proximale metafyse
Epifyse Compact beenweefsel

Spongieus beenweefsel
→ rood beenmerg
BINNEN
Diafyse BUITEN
Periosteum

Diafyse Compact beenweefsel

Spongieus beenweefsel
Distale metafyse → geel beenmerg
Distale epifyse
BINNEN

Compact beenweefsel 𝜖 concentrische lamellen = osteon
➔ 𝜖 osteocyten tussen matrix
➔ 𝜖 centraal kanaal met BV, LV en ZV

Via dwarskanaal

contact endo – periosteum

Spongieus beenweefsel 𝜖 trabeculae: elk botbalkje 𝜖 lamellen

Soorten beencellen
a. Stamcellen
= mesenchymale cellen

, = osteoprogenitor cellen
- gelegen op periosteum en het endosteum

b. Osteoblasten c. Osteoclasten = meerkernig, botafbraak
= niet-delende cellen ∈ monocyten
- matrix aanmaken: bot opbouw ∈ macrofagen
- Aan oppervlakte
- Breken matrix af

d. Osteocyten
= niet-delende cellen
- concentratie mineralen in stand houden

Functies beenweefsel
a. Bescherming weke organen

b. Aanhechting v/d skeletspieren

c. Beweging

d. Opslagplaats voor mineralen
o Calcium
▪ Parathormoon
= geproduceerd door de hoofdcellen v/d bijschildklier + ca stijgt
▪ Calcitonine
= geproduceerd door de C-cellen schildklier + ca daalt
▪ Vitamine D3
= stimuleert mineralisatie bot
Cholesterol ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ vitamine D3 (niet actief) ➔➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ ➔ vitamine D3 actief
UV-licht lever/nieren
o Lood en andere toxische stoffen
= snelle opname van lood uit het bloed in het bloed (detoxificierend mechanisme)
➔ verslechterd botkwaliteit
o Radioactieve elementen
= opname uit bloed in bloed
➔ schadelijk: straling = kanker
o Fluoride
= opgenomen door het bot / bevordert beenvorming + maakt tandglazuur aan (bescherming
tandcarriers)

e. Productie bloedcellen
= rood beenmerg

f. Opslagplaats van vet (=triglyceriden)
= geel beenmerg

1.2. Het skelet

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller mltmdk. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $9.09. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

53068 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Popular Universities in the United States

Popular books

Find notes and summaries for these qualifications

Seller

Summary

Samenvatting Anatomie en Fysiologie - BMLT1 - Hogent

Document information

Subjects

Written for

3 reviews

Seller

Reviews received

Content preview

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Quick and easy check-out

Focus on what matters

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Who am I buying these notes from?

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

Can Stuvia be trusted?