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Samenvatting Materiaalkunde hs7: fasediagram

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Beidt een ideale samenvatting over het desbetreffende onderwerp. Materiaalkunde, Materiaalleer, materialenleer. fasediagram

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  • April 9, 2016
  • 7
  • 2014/2015
  • Summary
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Hoofdstuk 7: Binaire fazendiagrammen
– Evenwichtstoestanden A, B bij zeer langzame afkoeling of opwarming
– f(T,%) p = cte
-> fazen




7.1) Evenwicht in vloeibare toestand




-> maximale concentratie B
a: A.X 1 =% B ; B.X 1= % A -> maximale concentratie A
b: A.X 2= % B ; B.X 2= % A
c: A.X 3= % B ; B.X 3=% A
oplosbaarheid daalt met dalende temperatuur

HEFBOOMREGEL: bepaling ma en mb in c (m = totale massa in c)

B voor =B na

m.A.X 3 =m I . A . X 1 m II . A . X 2

 m I m II  . A . X 3 =m I . A . X 1 m II . A . X 2

A.b - A.c
m I A X 2 – A X 3 b.c
= =
m II A X 3 – A X 1 a.c
A.c – A.a




Materialenleer – H7 – Binaire fazendiagrammen (1/7)

, mI b.c b.c
= =
m I  m II a.cb.c a.b

b.c
m I =m . - geldig voor alle punten tussen a en b
a.b
a.c
m II =m . - geldig voor alle T T M
a.b

7.2) Evenwichten in stollende systemen

Vertrekken van homogene smelt in vaste toestand:

– Volledig oplosbaar: 1 fase -> mengkristal
– Volledig onoplosbaar: 2 fasen -> zuiver
– Beperkt oplosbaar: 2 fasen -> mengkristal

7.2.1) Volledige oplosbaarheid in vaste toestand

diagram (figuur 7.5):

- liquiduslijn (begintemperatuur van de stolling)
- soliduslijn (eindtemperatuur stolling)

tussen beide lijnen: ontmengingsgebied

stollingsverloop: (figuur 7.5)

- boven a alles vloeibaar
- in a eerste kiemen (zeer kleine hoeveelheid: samenstelling b)
- na verdere afkoeling: kiemen -> dendriste
in Y: twee fasen smelt fase: v%
vaste fase: u%

- in C: laatste oneindig kleine hoeveelheid vloeistof (d%) stolt.

bij verdere afkoeling naar e: geen samenstellingsverandering mengkristallen
behouden samenstelling X

diffusie: inmengkristallen kunnen de moederatomen en de opgeloste atomen
bewegen van plaatsen met hoge concentratie naar plaatsen met lage concentratie

in praktijk: diffusie steeds onvolledig.

-> in gestolde korrels: steeds samenstellingsgradiënt
=> fenomenen: microsegratie (figuur 7.6)




Materialenleer – H7 – Binaire fazendiagrammen (2/7)

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