Samenvatting van alle werkcolleges van de cursus Virologie (BMW31405)
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Course
Virologie (BMW31405)
Institution
Universiteit Utrecht (UU)
Book
Principles of Virology
Deze gedetailleerde samenvatting behandelt alles wat aan bod is gekomen tijdens de werkcolleges (virus van de week) van de cursus Virologie aan de Universiteit Utrecht (BMW31405). Daarnaast zijn de corresponderende hoofdstukken uit het boek Principles of Virology (4th edition Flint) ook in de samen...
Samenvatting virologie
Virus van de week:
Poliovirus, Alfavirussen, Influenza A virus en Herpes simplex virus
Biomedische Wetenschappen
2021-2022
Door Nicole (studente BMW)
,Inhoudsopgave
Poliovirus................................................................................................................................................3
Taxonomie en structuur.....................................................................................................................3
Virionstructuur...............................................................................................................................3
Genoomstructuur...........................................................................................................................4
Verwantschap.................................................................................................................................5
Replicatie............................................................................................................................................5
Entry...............................................................................................................................................5
Replicatie........................................................................................................................................6
Assemblage en afgifte.....................................................................................................................7
Pathogenese.......................................................................................................................................8
Type infectie en verspreiding binnen de gastheer..........................................................................8
Cel- en orgaantropisme..................................................................................................................8
Immuunsysteem en vaccins............................................................................................................9
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................9
Alfavirussen (Sindbis virus en Chikungunya virus)..................................................................................9
Taxonomie en structuur.....................................................................................................................9
Virionstructuur.............................................................................................................................10
Genoomstructuur.........................................................................................................................10
Naaste verwanten........................................................................................................................11
Replicatie..........................................................................................................................................12
Entry.............................................................................................................................................12
Replicatie......................................................................................................................................12
Assemblage...................................................................................................................................12
Regulatie.......................................................................................................................................12
Pathogenese.....................................................................................................................................13
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................14
Influenza A virus...................................................................................................................................15
Taxonomie en structuur...................................................................................................................15
Virionstructuur.............................................................................................................................15
Genoomstructuur.........................................................................................................................16
Verwantschap...............................................................................................................................16
Replicatie..........................................................................................................................................17
Entry.............................................................................................................................................17
Replicatie......................................................................................................................................18
1
, Assemblage...................................................................................................................................19
Afgifte...........................................................................................................................................19
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................21
Verspreiding.................................................................................................................................21
Gastheerspecies............................................................................................................................22
Besmetting/overdracht.................................................................................................................22
Hoe houdt het virus zich in het veld in stand?..............................................................................22
Morbiditeit en mortaliteit.............................................................................................................22
Pathogenese.....................................................................................................................................23
Herpes simplex virus.............................................................................................................................24
Taxonomie en structuur...................................................................................................................24
Virionstructuur.............................................................................................................................24
Genoomstructuur.........................................................................................................................24
Verwantschap...............................................................................................................................24
Replicatie..........................................................................................................................................25
Entry.............................................................................................................................................25
Replicatie......................................................................................................................................25
Assemblage...................................................................................................................................27
Budding.........................................................................................................................................29
Genoomorganisatie......................................................................................................................30
Latentie.........................................................................................................................................30
Epidemiologie...................................................................................................................................31
Verspreiding.................................................................................................................................31
Serotypen.....................................................................................................................................31
Pathogenese.....................................................................................................................................31
Immuunsysteem...........................................................................................................................32
2
, Poliovirus
Taxonomie en structuur
Het poliovirus behoort tot de familie van Picornaviridae en genus Enterovirus. Het virus wordt
voornamelijk overgedragen op mensen, maar primaten kunnen ook geïnfecteerd worden.
Virionstructuur
Het virion van het poliovirus heeft een diameter van 30nm en is opgebouwd uit structurele units die
uit drie subunits bestaan, namelijk VP1, VP2 en VP3. Echter, doordat deze subunits structureel
nagenoeg vergelijkbaar zijn, is het triangulatie getal 1 (pseudo T = 3). VP1 is georganiseerd als
pentameren rondom de 5-voudige symmetrie-as, terwijl VP2 en VP3 zich elk als hexameren tussen
de pentameren rondom de 3-voudige symmetrie-as organiseren. Daarnaast bevindt VP4 zich aan de
binnenkant van het capside. De structurele eiwitten ontstaan door proteolytische klieving van het
P1 eiwit.
Figuur 1 Schematische weergave van de structuur van het poliovirus.
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