Summary

Summary Physiotherapy- Neuro (Neuro)

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Course
Physiotherapy- Neuro (NEURO)

Institution
The Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU)

This summary is to help physiotherapy students prepare for Neuro OSPE and/or placements. The summary consist of a pathology table which explains the pathophysiology, symptoms, risk factors and MDT involvement. The summary also includes a functional problem table, where it explains what treatment is...

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Uploaded on January 8, 2023
Number of pages 17
Written in 2021/2022
Type Summary

neuro
physio
physiotherapy
ospe
placement

Institution
The Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU)
Education Unknown
Course
Physiotherapy- Neuro (NEURO)

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Pathology Symptoms/ clinical features Pathophysiology (relevant to anatomy and Risk Factors/ MDT Surgical/medical
physiology of cardio respiratory symptom) Epidemiology Intervention
Multiple Sclerosis - Optic neuritis – demyelination Autoimmune component: OT - Initial corticosteroids
of the optic nerve. - Some foreign antigen (either a bacteria, viral or - Gender (more - See and explore
A common idiopathic chemicals) activates T cells (immune cells) and common in possibilities for - Immune Modulating
inflammatory demyelinating - spasticity trigger them to become active. woman patients to go back to Treatments (IMT/DMD)
disease of the central nervous work to modify the disease,
system (brain and spinal cord). - motor weakness - The T cells accumulate and then directly attach - Average age in - Regain functions for reduce frequency/
to and attack those cells that bear antigenic diagnosis (20- hobbies severity of attacks
Secondary Complications: - sensory changes (paresthesia) material. 40, peak at 30) (Beta interferon for
 Contractures Social Worker relapsing/remitting &
 Pressure ulcers - Autonomic dysfunction - The T cells then become reactive to myelin - Ethnicity – - provide financial secondary progressive
 Depression (molecular mimicry) and the T cells that express linked to support, family MS)
adhesion molecules will attach onto the receptors geography support, caregivers
- Sexual dysfunction
Diagnosis: of endothelial cells and triggers this autoimmune North America - advise on benefits - Treatment of
 Early stage, often response. and Europe and transport symptoms:
- Cerebellar symptoms –
missed or 110/100,000  Pain/Spasticity
Nystagmus, dysarthria, ataxia,
misdiagnosed Inflammatory component: Eastern Asia & Psychologist (Baclofen or
tremor
Tests: - Inflammation then occurs after the autoimmune Sub Saharan - prevent secondary Gabapentin)
 MRI response Africa complications of  Continence
- Fatigue
 Lumbar puncture 2/100,000 depression,  Depression
 Evoked potentials - leading to the blood-brain barrier becoming - provide counselling  Fatigue
- Pain -strategies to cope
(measures speed of permeable. - Worldwide :
nerve transmission >2.3 million on anxiety - Oral
reduced speed - Respiratory Dysfunction: - UK : 130,000 Methylprednisolone for
- Leading to infiltration of macrophages, T-cells,
indicates lesions)  muscle weakness people have exacerbations
lymphocytes into central nervous system,
 bulbar dysfunction MS
commonly be at the choroid plexus (just in front
 cough impairments
of the cerebellum) and at the fourth ventricle
 sleep disordered
(sitting in front of the cerebellum).
 breathing – central
Classifications: sleep apnea
- Relapse remitting MS (RRMS) – - When they've infiltrated the central nervous
80 – 85 % system, we get further inflammatory response,
- Heat intolerance +/- Uhthoff
Phenomenon causing damage to the brain (cerebellum etc.)
- Primary progressive (PPMS) – There is also damage to astrogliosis and
10% oligodendrocytes leading to unable to properly
- Subjective cognitive
produce myelin.
difficulties:
- Secondary progressive (SPMS)  attention span,

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